# EUNIS_habitats_level_4_for_CDDA 200311_en_v3_2

Scientific name:
Littoral rock very exposed to wave action


Scientific name:
Mussels and/or barnacles on very exposed littoral rock


Scientific name:
Robust fucoids or red seaweeds on very exposed littoral rock


Scientific name:
Communities of the upper mediolittoral rock


Scientific name:
Communities of the lower mediolittoral rock very exposed to wave action


Scientific name:
Littoral rock moderately exposed to wave action


Scientific name:
Mussels and/or barnacles on littoral rock moderately exposed to wave action


Scientific name:
Fucoids and barnacles on moderately exposed littoral rock


Scientific name:
Red seaweeds on moderately exposed littoral rock


Scientific name:
Ephemeral green or red seaweeds (freshwater- or sand-influenced) on moderately exposed littoral rock


Scientific name:
Mussels and fucoids on moderately exposed littoral rock


Scientific name:
Communities of the lower mediolittoral rock moderately exposed to wave action


Scientific name:
Littoral rock sheltered from wave action


Scientific name:
Dense fucoids on sheltered littoral rock


Scientific name:
Fucoids, barnacles or ephemeral seaweeds on sheltered littoral mixed substrata


Scientific name:
Mussel beds on sheltered littoral mixed substrata


Scientific name:
Red algal turf in lower eulittoral, sheltered from wave action


Scientific name:
Communities of the lower mediolittoral rock sheltered from wave action


Scientific name:
Rock habitats exposed by action of wind (e.g. hydrolittoral)


Scientific name:
Communities of rockpools in the supralittoral zone


Scientific name:
Brackish permanent pools in the geolittoral zone


Scientific name:
Communities of littoral caves and overhangs


Scientific name:
Communities of the mediolittoral coarse detritic bottoms


Scientific name:
Sandy and muddy sand shores with 90-100% air exposure


Scientific name:
Sandy and muddy sand shores with 70-90% air exposure


Scientific name:
Sandy and muddy sand shores with <70% air exposure


Scientific name:
Habitats with sediments exposed by action of wind (e.g. hydrolittoral)


Scientific name:
Geolittoral wetlands and meadows: reed, rush and sedge stands


Scientific name:
Mid-upper saltmarshes and saline reedbeds


Scientific name:
Littoral sediments dominated by aquatic angiosperms


Scientific name:
Biogenic structures on littoral sediments


Scientific name:
Biogenic features (scars) on littoral mixed sediments


Scientific name:
Sublittoral rock and other hard substrata


Scientific name:
Infralittoral rock very exposed to wave action and/or currents and tidal streams


Scientific name:
Kelp with cushion fauna, foliose red seaweeds or coralline crusts (exposed rock)


Scientific name:
Fauna and seaweeds on vertical exposed infralittoral rock


Scientific name:
Communities of infralittoral algae very exposed to wave action


Scientific name:
Areas dominated by frondose algae, other than kelp


Scientific name:
Infralittoral rock moderately exposed to wave action and/or currents and tidal streams


Scientific name:
Kelp and red seaweeds on moderately exposed infralittoral rock


Scientific name:
Grazed kelp with algal crusts on moderately exposed infralittoral rock


Scientific name:
Sand-tolerant or disturbed kelp and seaweed on moderately exposed infralittoral rock


Scientific name:
Fauna and seaweeds on vertical moderately exposed infralittoral rock


Scientific name:
Communities of infralittoral algae moderately exposed to wave action


Scientific name:
Baltic brackish water sublittoral biocenoses of hard substrata influenced by varying salinity


Scientific name:
Animal-dominated communities of moderately exposed infralittoral rock


Scientific name:
Infralittoral rock sheltered from wave action and currents and tidal streams


Scientific name:
Silted kelp communities on sheltered infralittoral rock


Scientific name:
Estuarine faunal communities on shallow rock or mixed substrata


Scientific name:
Submerged fucoids, green and red seaweeds on reduced/low salinity infralittoral rock


Scientific name:
Communities of infralittoral algae sheltered from wave action


Scientific name:
Animal-dominated communities of sheltered infralittoral rock in full salinity


Scientific name:
Caves, overhangs and surge gullies in the infralittoral zone


Scientific name:
Robust fauna on infralittoral surge gullies and cave walls


Scientific name:
Circalittoral rock very exposed to wave action or currents and tidal streams


Scientific name:
Faunal crusts or short turfs on exposed circalittoral rock


Scientific name:
[Alcyonium]-dominated communities on tide-swept circalittoral rock


Scientific name:
Barnacle, cushion sponge and [Tubularia] communities on very tide-swept circalittoral rock


Scientific name:
Circalittoral rock moderately exposed to wave action or currents and tidal streams


Scientific name:
Mixed faunal turf communities on moderately exposed circalittoral rock


Scientific name:
Sand-influenced bryozoan and hydroid turfs on moderately exposed circalittoral rock


Scientific name:
[Sabellaria spinulosa] communities on circalittoral rock


Scientific name:
Mussel beds on moderately exposed circalittoral rock


Scientific name:
Brittlestar beds on circalittoral rock or mixed substrata


Scientific name:
Grazed faunal communities on moderately exposed or sheltered circalittoral rock


Scientific name:
Silt-influenced ascidian communities on moderately exposed circalittoral rock


Scientific name:
Communities on soft moderately exposed circalittoral rock


Scientific name:
Faunal turfs on vertical circalittoral rock


Scientific name:
Coralligenous communities moderately exposed to hydrodynamic action


Scientific name:
Circalittoral rock sheltered from wave action and currents including tidal streams


Scientific name:
Brachiopods and solitary ascidian communities on sheltered circalittoral rock


Scientific name:
Coralligenous communities sheltered from hydrodynamic action


Scientific name:
Deep circalittoral rock habitats exposed to strong currents


Scientific name:
Animal communities of deep circalittoral rock habitats exposed to strong currents


Scientific name:
Deep circalittoral rock habitats exposed to moderately strong currents


Scientific name:
Animal communities of deep circalittoral rock habitats exposed to moderately strong currents


Scientific name:
Deep circalittoral rock habitats exposed to weak or no currents


Scientific name:
Animal communities of deep circalittoral rock habitats exposed to weak or no currents


Scientific name:
Caves and overhangs below the infralittoral zone


Scientific name:
Communities of circalittoral caves and overhangs


Scientific name:
Caves in total darkness, including deep-sea caves


Scientific name:
Bubbling reefs in the sublittoral euphotic zone


Scientific name:
Sublittoral mobile cobbles, gravels and coarse sands


Scientific name:
Animal communities in shallow-water gravels


Scientific name:
Animal communities in shallow-water coarse sands


Scientific name:
Animal communities of circalittoral mobile cobbles, gravels and sands


Scientific name:
Animals communities in deeper coarse sands


Scientific name:
Animal communities in variable or reduced salinity gravels and coarse sands


Scientific name:
Animal communities in fully marine shallow clean sands


Scientific name:
Communities of fine sands in very shallow waters


Scientific name:
Animal communities in variable or reduced salinity shallow clean sands


Scientific name:
Animal communities in fully marine shallow-water muddy sands


Scientific name:
Animal communities in variable or reduced salinity muddy sands


Scientific name:
Animal communities of circalittoral muddy sands


Scientific name:
Communities of the muddy detritic bottom


Scientific name:
Variable or reduced salinity sublittoral muds


Scientific name:
Communities of superficial muddy sands in sheltered waters


Scientific name:
Periodically and permanently anoxic sublittoral muds


Scientific name:
Animal communities of circalittoral muds


Scientific name:
Kelp and seaweeds on shallow-water mixed sediments


Scientific name:
Animal communities in shallow-water mixed sediments


Scientific name:
Variable and reduced salinity sublittoral mixed sediments


Scientific name:
Animal communities of circalittoral mixed sediments


Scientific name:
Communities of the coastal detritic bottom


Scientific name:
Shallow sublittoral sediments dominated by angiosperms


Scientific name:
[Zostera] beds in infralittoral sediments


Scientific name:
Sublittoral macrophyte beds of coastal brackish waters


Scientific name:
Biogenic structures over sublittoral sediments


Scientific name:
Seaweeds and maerl on coarse shallow-water sediments


Scientific name:
Maerl beds on shallow-water muddy mixed sediments


Scientific name:
Structures formed by mussels over sublittoral sediment


Scientific name:
Maerl beds on deep-water muddy sediments


Scientific name:
Animal communities of deep circalittoral gravel bottoms


Scientific name:
Animal communities of deep circalittoral sandy bottoms


Scientific name:
Animal communities of deep circalittoral shell gravel bottoms


Scientific name:
Animal communities of deep circalittoral muddy bottoms


Scientific name:
Animal communities of deep circalittoral mixed sediment bottoms


Scientific name:
Communities of shelf-edge detritic bottom


Scientific name:
Seeps and vents in sublittoral sediments


Scientific name:
Freshwater seeps in sublittoral sediments


Scientific name:
Deep-sea rock and artificial hard substrates


Scientific name:
Deep-sea biogenic gravels (shells, coral debris)


Scientific name:
Communities of bathyal detritic sands with [Grypheus vitreus]


Scientific name:
Deep-sea bioherm dominated by scleractinian coral framework


Scientific name:
Canyons, channels, slope failures and slumps on the continental slope


Scientific name:
Cetacean and other carcasses on the deep-sea bed


Scientific name:
Deep-sea bed influenced by hypoxic water column


Scientific name:
Isolated 'oceanic' features: seamounts, ridges and the submerged flanks of oceanic islands


Scientific name:
Permanently submerged flanks of oceanic islands


Scientific name:
Summit communities of seamount, knoll or bank within euphotic zone


Scientific name:
Summit communities of seamount, knoll or bank within the mesopelagic zone, i.e. interacting with diurnally migrating plankton


Scientific name:
Deep summit communities of seamount, knoll or bank (i.e. below mesopelagic zone)


Scientific name:
Communities of ridge axial trough (i.e. non-vent fauna)


Scientific name:
Oceanic ridge without hydrothermal effects


Scientific name:
Isolated ‘oceanic’ features influenced by hypoxic water column


Scientific name:
Completely mixed water column with reduced salinity


Scientific name:
Completely mixed water column with reduced salinity and short residence time


Scientific name:
Completely mixed water column with reduced salinity and medium  residence time


Scientific name:
Completely mixed water column with reduced salinity and long  residence time


Scientific name:
Completely mixed water column with full salinity


Scientific name:
Completely mixed water column with full salinity and short residence time


Scientific name:
Completely mixed water column with full salinity and medium residence time


Scientific name:
Completely mixed water column with full salinity and long residence time


Scientific name:
Partially mixed water column with reduced salinity and medium or long residence time


Scientific name:
Partially mixed water column with reduced salinity and medium residence time


Scientific name:
Partially mixed water column with reduced salinity and long residence time


Scientific name:
Unstratified water column with reduced salinity


Scientific name:
Euphotic (epipelagic) zone in unstratified reduced salinity water


Scientific name:
Mesopelagic zone in unstratified reduced salinity water


Scientific name:
Bathypelagic zone in unstratified reduced salinity water


Scientific name:
Abyssopelagic zone in unstratified reduced salinity water


Scientific name:
Vertically stratified water column with reduced salinity


Scientific name:
Water column with ephemeral thermal stratification and reduced salinity


Scientific name:
Water column with seasonal thermal stratification and reduced salinity


Scientific name:
Water column with permanent thermal stratification and reduced salinity


Scientific name:
Water column with ephemeral halocline and reduced salinity


Scientific name:
Water column with seasonal halocline and reduced salinity


Scientific name:
Water column with permanent halocline and reduced salinity


Scientific name:
Water column with ephemeral oxygen stratification and reduced salinity


Scientific name:
Water column with seasonal oxygen stratification and reduced salinity


Scientific name:
Water column with permanent oxygen stratification and reduced salinity


Scientific name:
Ephemeral fronts in reduced salinity water column


Scientific name:
Seasonal fronts in reduced salinity water column


Scientific name:
Persistent fronts in reduced salinity water column


Scientific name:
Unstratified water column with full salinity


Scientific name:
Euphotic (epipelagic) zone in unstratified full salinity water


Scientific name:
Mesopelagic zone in unstratified full salinity water


Scientific name:
Bathypelagic zone in unstratified full salinity water


Scientific name:
Abyssopelagic zone in unstratified full salinity water


Scientific name:
Vertically stratified water column with full salinity


Scientific name:
Water column with ephemeral thermal stratification and full salinity


Scientific name:
Water column with seasonal thermal stratification and full salinity


Scientific name:
Water column with permanent thermal stratification and full salinity


Scientific name:
Water column with ephemeral halocline and full salinity


Scientific name:
Water column with seasonal halocline and full salinity


Scientific name:
Water column with permanent halocline and full salinity


Scientific name:
Water column with ephemeral oxygen stratification and full salinity


Scientific name:
Water column with seasonal oxygen stratification and full salinity


Scientific name:
Water column with permanent oxygen stratification and full salinity


Scientific name:
Ephemeral fronts in full salinity water column


Scientific name:
Seasonal fronts in full salinity water column


Scientific name:
Persistent fronts in full salinity water column


Scientific name:
Angiosperm communities of sand beach driftlines


Scientific name:
Boreo-Arctic sand beach annual communities


Scientific name:
Middle European sand beach annual communities


Scientific name:
Tethyan sand beach driftline communities


Scientific name:
Unvegetated sand beaches above the driftline


Scientific name:
Boreo-arctic sand beach perennial communities


Scientific name:
Sandy beach ridges with no or low vegetation


Scientific name:
Sandy beach ridges dominated by shrubs or trees


Scientific name:
Coastal stable dune grassland (grey dunes)


Scientific name:
Tethyan dune deep sand therophyte communities


Scientific name:
Thermo-Atlantic succulent and semi-fixed dunes


Scientific name:
Coastal brown dunes covered with natural or almost natural coniferous forest, e.g. [Pinus silvestris]


Scientific name:
Coastal brown dunes covered with deciduous forest ([Fagus], [Betula], [Quercus])


Scientific name:
Dune-slack reedbeds, sedgebeds and canebeds


Scientific name:
Coastal dunes: wet dune slacks: dominated by shrubs or trees


Scientific name:
Boreo-arctic gravel beach annual communities


Scientific name:
Atlantic and Baltic shingle beach drift lines


Scientific name:
Gravel beach communities of the mediterranean region


Scientific name:
Unvegetated mobile shingle beaches above the driftline


Scientific name:
Upper shingle beaches with open vegetation


Scientific name:
Fixed shingle beaches, with herbaceous vegetation


Scientific name:
Shingle and gravel beaches with scrub vegetation


Scientific name:
Rock cliffs, ledges and shores, including the supralittoral


Scientific name:
Supralittoral rock (lichen or splash zone)


Scientific name:
Lichens or algal crusts on supralittoral rocks


Scientific name:
Rock stacks and islets above high tide level


Scientific name:
Unvegetated rock cliffs, ledges, shores and islets


Scientific name:
Atlantic low Arctic sea-cliffs and rocky shores


Scientific name:
Temperate Atlantic sea-cliffs and rocky shores


Scientific name:
Unvegetated Baltic rocky shores and cliffs


Scientific name:
Subtropical Atlantic sea-cliffs and rocky shores


Scientific name:
Mediterraneo-Pontic sea-cliffs and rocky shores


Scientific name:
Rock cliffs, ledges and shores, with halophytic angiosperms


Scientific name:
Vegetated Baltic gently sloping rocky shores and cliffs


Scientific name:
Canarian and Madeiran sea-cliff communities


Scientific name:
Permanent oligotrophic lakes, ponds and pools


Scientific name:
Benthic communities of oligotrophic waterbodies


Scientific name:
Rooted submerged vegetation of oligotrophic waterbodies


Scientific name:
Rooted floating vegetation of oligotrophic waterbodies


Scientific name:
Charophyte submerged carpets in oligotrophic waterbodies


Scientific name:
Peatmoss and [Utricularia] communities of oligotrophic waterbodies


Scientific name:
Permanent mesotrophic lakes, ponds and pools


Scientific name:
Benthic communities of mesotrophic waterbodies


Scientific name:
Free-floating vegetation of mesotrophic waterbodies


Scientific name:
Rooted submerged vegetation of mesotrophic waterbodies


Scientific name:
Rooted floating vegetation of mesotrophic waterbodies


Scientific name:
Charophyte submerged carpets in mesotrophic waterbodies


Scientific name:
Peatmoss and [Utricularia] communities of mesotrophic waterbodies


Scientific name:
Permanent eutrophic lakes, ponds and pools


Scientific name:
Benthic communities of eutrophic waterbodies


Scientific name:
Free-floating vegetation of eutrophic waterbodies


Scientific name:
Rooted submerged vegetation of eutrophic waterbodies


Scientific name:
Rooted floating vegetation of eutrophic waterbodies


Scientific name:
Permanent dystrophic lakes, ponds and pools


Scientific name:
Benthic communities of dystrophic waterbodies


Scientific name:
Rooted submerged vegetation of dystrophic waterbodies


Scientific name:
Rooted floating vegetation of dystrophic waterbodies


Scientific name:
Charophyte submerged carpets in dystrophic waterbodies


Scientific name:
Peatmoss and [Utricularia] communities of dystrophic waterbodies


Scientific name:
Permanent inland saline and brackish lakes, ponds and pools


Scientific name:
Temporary lakes, ponds and pools (wet phase)


Scientific name:
Temporary inland saline and brackish waters


Scientific name:
Rooted floating vegetation of temporary waterbodies


Scientific name:
Acid oligotrophic vegetation of spring brooks


Scientific name:
Lime-rich oligotrophic vegetation of spring brooks


Scientific name:
Permanent non-tidal, fast, turbulent watercourses


Scientific name:
Acid oligotrophic vegetation of fast-flowing streams


Scientific name:
Lime-rich oligotrophic vegetation of fast-flowing streams


Scientific name:
Mesotrophic vegetation of fast-flowing streams


Scientific name:
Eutrophic vegetation of fast-flowing streams


Scientific name:
Permanent non-tidal, slow, smooth-flowing watercourses


Scientific name:
Mesotrophic vegetation of slow-flowing rivers


Scientific name:
Eutrophic vegetation of slow-flowing rivers


Scientific name:
Films of water flowing over rocky watercourse margins


Scientific name:
Littoral zone of inland surface waterbodies


Scientific name:
Beds of small helophytes of fast-flowing waters


Scientific name:
Water-fringing reedbeds and tall helophytes other than canes


Scientific name:
Species-poor beds of low-growing water-fringing or amphibious vegetation


Scientific name:
[Eleocharis parvula] and [Eleocharis acicularis] beds of inland saline and brackish waters


Scientific name:
[Nasturtium officinale] ([Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum]) beds


Scientific name:
Pioneer and ephemeral vegetation of periodically inundated shores


Scientific name:
Euro-Siberian dwarf annual amphibious swards


Scientific name:
[Bidens] communities (of lake and pond shores)


Scientific name:
Euro-Siberian annual river mud communities


Scientific name:
Unvegetated or sparsely vegetated shores with soft or mobile sediments


Scientific name:
Exposed unvegetated freshwater lake sands and shingles


Scientific name:
Exposed unvegetated freshwater lake muds


Scientific name:
Exposed unvegetated beaches of inland saline and brackish waters with soft sediments


Scientific name:
Unvegetated or sparsely vegetated shores with non-mobile substrates


Scientific name:
Periodically exposed river-bed rocks, pavements and blocks


Scientific name:
Periodically exposed lake-bed rocks, pavements and blocks


Scientific name:
Draw-down zones of reservoirs with non-mobile substrates


Scientific name:
Inland spray- and steam-dependent habitats


Scientific name:
Active, relatively undamaged raised bogs


Scientific name:
Wet bare peat and peat haggs on raised bogs


Scientific name:
Hyperoceanic low-altitude blanket bogs, typically with dominant [Trichophorum]


Scientific name:
Montane blanket bogs, [Calluna] and [Eriophorum vaginatum] often dominant


Scientific name:
Wet bare peat and peat haggs on blanket bogs


Scientific name:
Valley mires, poor fens and transition mires


Scientific name:
[Carex nigra], [Carex canescens], [Carex echinata] fens


Scientific name:
[Carex intricata] pozzines (wet depressions surrounding glacial lakes)


Scientific name:
[Trichophorum cespitosum] and [Narthecium ossifragum] acidic fens


Scientific name:
[Menyanthes trifoliata] and [Potentilla palustris] rafts


Scientific name:
[Scirpus hudsonianus] ([Trichophorum alpinum]) quaking bogs


Scientific name:
Wet, open, acid peat and sand, with [Rhynchospora alba] and [Drosera]


Scientific name:
Rich fens, including eutrophic tall-herb fens and calcareous flushes and soaks


Scientific name:
[Carex dioica], [Carex pulicaris] and [Carex flava] fens


Scientific name:
British [Carex demissa] - [Saxifraga aizoides] flushes


Scientific name:
[Scirpus hudsonianus] ([Trichophorum alpinum]) alkaline fens


Scientific name:
Middle European [Blysmus compressus] fens


Scientific name:
Basic mountain flushes and streamsides, with a rich arctic-montane flora


Scientific name:
Arctoalpine [Kobresia simpliciuscula] and [Carex microglochin] swards


Scientific name:
Alpine riverine [Carex maritima] ([Carex incurva]) swards


Scientific name:
Arctoalpine riverine [Equisetum], [Typha] and [Juncus] swards


Scientific name:
Sedge and reedbeds, normally without free-standing water


Scientific name:
Reedbeds normally without free-standing water


Scientific name:
[Phragmites australis] beds normally without free-standing water


Scientific name:
[Scirpus lacustris] beds normally without free-standing water


Scientific name:
[Typha] beds normally without free-standing water


Scientific name:
Beds of large sedges normally without free-standing water


Scientific name:
Tall [Cyperus] beds, other than [Cyperus papyrus]


Scientific name:
Swamps and marshes dominated by [Juncus effusus] or other large [Juncus] spp.


Scientific name:
Inland saline and brackish marshes and reedbeds


Scientific name:
Interior European [Puccinellia distans] meadows


Scientific name:
Interior European saltmarsh [Juncus gerardi] and [Elymus repens] beds


Scientific name:
Interior European [Halimione pedunculata] beds


Scientific name:
Swards of Carpathian travertine concretions


Scientific name:
Interior Iberian [Microcnemum] and [Salicornia] swards


Scientific name:
Interior central European and Anatolian [Salicornia], [Microcnemum], [Suaeda] and [Salsola] swards


Scientific name:
Western European continental glasswort beds


Scientific name:
Inland saline or brackish species-poor helophyte beds normally without free-standing water


Scientific name:
Open thermophile pioneer vegetation of sandy or detritic ground


Scientific name:
Euro-Siberian pioneer calcareous sand swards


Scientific name:
Perennial calcareous grassland and basic steppes


Scientific name:
Arid subcontinental steppic grassland ([Festucion valesiacae])


Scientific name:
Central alpine arid grassland ([Stipo-Poion])


Scientific name:
Sub-Atlantic very dry calcareous grassland


Scientific name:
Mediterranean tall-grass and [Artemisia] steppes


Scientific name:
Mediterranean steppes dominated by tall grasses other than [Stipa tenacissima] or [Lygeum spartum]


Scientific name:
[Aphyllanthes] grassland and supra-Mediterranean steppes


Scientific name:
Central and southern Apennine dry grassland


Scientific name:
Iberian south-eastern subnitrophilous herb communities


Scientific name:
Eastern Mediterranean subnitrophilous herb communities


Scientific name:
Non-Mediterranean dry acid and neutral closed grassland


Scientific name:
Mediterranean dry acid and neutral closed grassland


Scientific name:
Non-Mediterranean dry acid and neutral open grassland, including inland dune grassland


Scientific name:
Mediterranean dry acid and neutral open grassland


Scientific name:
Permanent mesotrophic pastures and aftermath-grazed meadows


Scientific name:
Agriculturally-improved, re-seeded and heavily fertilized grassland, including sports fields and grass lawns


Scientific name:
Dry or moist agriculturally-improved grassland


Scientific name:
Wet agriculturally-improved grassland, often with drainage ditches


Scientific name:
Helleno-Moesian riverine and humid [Trifolium] meadows


Scientific name:
Illyrio-Moesian riverine and humid [Trifolium] meadows


Scientific name:
Moist or wet eutrophic and mesotrophic grassland


Scientific name:
[Molinia caerulea] meadows and related communities


Scientific name:
Heath [Juncus] meadows and humid [Nardus stricta] swards


Scientific name:
Boreo-alpine acidocline snow-patch grassland and herb habitats


Scientific name:
Boreo-alpine calcicline snow-patch grassland and herb habitats


Scientific name:
Moss and lichen dominated mountain summits, ridges and exposed slopes


Scientific name:
Rock pavement, plateau and summital moss heaths


Scientific name:
Alpic [Nardus stricta] swards and related communities


Scientific name:
Western Asian acidophilous alpine grassland


Scientific name:
Calciphilous alpine and subalpine grassland


Scientific name:
Calciphilous stepped and garland grassland


Scientific name:
Subalpine [Trisetum flavescens] hay meadows


Scientific name:
Woodland fringes and clearings and tall forb habitats


Scientific name:
Over-grazed arid Mediterranean garrigues (ermes)


Scientific name:
Moist or wet tall-herb and fern fringes and meadows


Scientific name:
Screens or veils of perennial tall herbs lining watercourses


Scientific name:
Mediterranean grasslands on alluvial river banks


Scientific name:
Subalpine moist or wet tall-herb and fern habitats


Scientific name:
Eastern oro-Mediterranean and Balkan tall-herb communities


Scientific name:
Lowland habitats colonised by tall nitrophilous herbs


Scientific name:
Weed communities of recently abandoned urban and suburban constructions


Scientific name:
Weed communities of recently abandoned rural constructions


Scientific name:
Weed communities of recently abandoned extractive industrial sites


Scientific name:
Inland saline grass and herb-dominated habitats


Scientific name:
Mediterranean inland saline grass and herb-dominated habitats


Scientific name:
Mediterranean [Lygeum spartum] salt steppes


Scientific name:
Mediterranean inland halo-nitrophilous pioneer communities


Scientific name:
Continental inland saline grass and herb-dominated habitats


Scientific name:
Ponto-Sarmatic salt steppes and saltmarshes


Scientific name:
Central Eurasian solonchak grassland dominated by [Crypsis]


Scientific name:
Arctic, alpine and subalpine scrub habitats


Scientific name:
Boreo-alpine acidocline snow-patch [Salix herbacea] scrub


Scientific name:
Boreo-alpine calcicline snow-patch [Salix polaris] scrub


Scientific name:
Ponto-Caucasian snow-patch dwarf [Salix] scrub


Scientific name:
Evergreen alpine and subalpine heath and scrub


Scientific name:
Southern Palaearctic mountain dwarf [Juniperus] scrub


Scientific name:
Alpigenic high mountain [Empetrum - Vaccinium] heaths


Scientific name:
Alpide [Arctostaphylos uva-ursi] and [Arctostaphylos alpinus] heaths


Scientific name:
Alpide [Rhododendron hirsutum] - [Erica] heaths


Scientific name:
Alpide high mountain dwarf [Vaccinium] heaths


Scientific name:
Alpide high mountain [Genista] and [Chamaecytisus] heaths


Scientific name:
Temperate and mediterraneo-montane scrub habitats


Scientific name:
Subcontinental and continental deciduous thickets


Scientific name:
Sub-montane [Vaccinium] - [Calluna] heaths


Scientific name:
Sub-Atlantic [Calluna] - [Genista] heaths


Scientific name:
Ibero-Atlantic [Erica - Ulex - Cistus] heaths


Scientific name:
Upland Azorean [Erica azorica] and [Juniperus brevifolia] heaths


Scientific name:
Maquis, matorral and thermo-Mediterranean brushes


Scientific name:
[Olea europaea] and [Pistacia lentiscus] matorral


Scientific name:
Low [Cistus - Lavandula stoechas] maquis


Scientific name:
Thermo-Mediterranean brushes, thickets and heath-garrigues


Scientific name:
Western [Teucrium] and other labiate garrigues


Scientific name:
Western [Helianthemum] and [Fumana] garrigues


Scientific name:
Eastern [Teucrium] and other labiates garrigues


Scientific name:
Eastern [Helichrysum] and other composite garrigues


Scientific name:
Eastern [Helianthemum] and [Fumana] garrigues


Scientific name:
Illyrian [Teucrium] and other labiates garrigues


Scientific name:
Illyrian [Helichrysum] and other composite garrigues


Scientific name:
Spiny Mediterranean heaths (phrygana, hedgehog-heaths and related coastal cliff vegetation)


Scientific name:
West Mediterranean mainland clifftop phrygana


Scientific name:
Corsican and Sardinian [Genista] phrygana


Scientific name:
Southern Hellenic [Genista acanthoclada] hedgehog-heaths


Scientific name:
Lowland and collinar riverine [Salix] scrub


Scientific name:
Southern riparian galleries and thickets


Scientific name:
[Nerium oleander], [Vitex agnus-castus] and [Tamarix] galleries


Scientific name:
South-western Iberian tamujares, formed by [Securinega tinctoria]


Scientific name:
Lauriphyllous galleries of the Cordillera Oretana


Scientific name:
[Myrica gale] - [Salix] scrub of the Cordillera Oretana


Scientific name:
Highly-managed hedgerows of native species


Scientific name:
Species-rich hedgerows of native species


Scientific name:
Species-poor hedgerows of native species


Scientific name:
Shrub plantations for whole-plant harvesting


Scientific name:
Shrub plantations for leaf or branch harvest


Scientific name:
Shrub plantations for ornamental purposes or for fruit, other than vineyards


Scientific name:
Woodland and forest habitats and other wooded land


Scientific name:
Riparian [Salix], [Alnus] and [Betula] woodland


Scientific name:
Fluvial [Fraxinus] - [Alnus] and [Quercus] - [Ulmus] - [Fraxinus] woodland


Scientific name:
Riverine [Fraxinus] - [Alnus] woodland, wet at high but not at low water


Scientific name:
Mixed [Quercus] - [Ulmus] - [Fraxinus] woodland of great rivers


Scientific name:
Mediterranean [Populus], [Fraxinus], [Ulmus] and related riparian woodland


Scientific name:
Mediterranean riverine [Ostrya carpinifolia] galleries


Scientific name:
Ponto-Sarmatic mixed [Populus] riverine forests


Scientific name:
Broadleaved swamp woodland not on acid peat


Scientific name:
Wet-ground woodland of the Black and Caspian Seas


Scientific name:
Western [Quercus pubescens] woods and related communities


Scientific name:
Italo-Illyrian [Ostrya carpinifolia] sub-thermophilous [Quercus] woods


Scientific name:
Atlantic [Quercus robur] - [Betula] woods


Scientific name:
Atlantic acidophilous [Fagus] - [Quercus] forests


Scientific name:
Aquitano-Ligerian [Quercus] forests on podsols


Scientific name:
Aquitano-Ligerian [Quercus] forests on leached or acid soils


Scientific name:
Non-riverine woodland with [Betula], [Populus tremula], [Sorbus aucuparia] or [Corylus avellana]


Scientific name:
[Populus tremula] and [Betula] woods with [Sambucus]


Scientific name:
Meso- and eutrophic [Quercus], [Carpinus], [Fraxinus], [Acer], [Tilia], [Ulmus] and related woodland


Scientific name:
[Quercus] - [Fraxinus] - [Carpinus betulus] woodland on eutrophic and mesotrophic soils


Scientific name:
Mixed deciduous woodland of the Black and Caspian Seas


Scientific name:
Highly artificial broadleaved deciduous forestry plantations


Scientific name:
[Quercus coccifera] and [Quercus alnifolia] woodland


Scientific name:
Mediterraneo-Atlantic [Laurus] - [Quercus] woodland


Scientific name:
[Olea europaea] - [Ceratonia siliqua] woodland


Scientific name:
Highly artificial broadleaved evergreen forestry plantations


Scientific name:
Other evergreen broadleaved tree plantations


Scientific name:
Alpine and Carpathian sub-alpine [Picea] forests


Scientific name:
Alpine [Larix] - [Pinus cembra] woodland


Scientific name:
Eastern Alpine siliceous [Larix] and [Pinus cembra] forests


Scientific name:
Eastern Alpine calcicolous [Larix] and [Pinus cembra] forests


Scientific name:
Western [Larix], mountain pine and [Pinus cembra] forests


Scientific name:
Carpathian [Larix] and [Pinus cembra] forests


Scientific name:
[Pinus uncinata] forests with [Rhododendron ferrugineum]


Scientific name:
[Pinus sylvestris] woodland south of the taiga


Scientific name:
Middle European [Pinus sylvestris] forests


Scientific name:
Inner Alpine [Minuartia laricifolia] steppe forests


Scientific name:
Pyrenean mesophile [Pinus sylvestris] forests


Scientific name:
Central Massif [Pinus sylvestris] forests


Scientific name:
South-western Alpine mesophile [Pinus sylvestris] forests


Scientific name:
Iberian calcareous [Pinus sylvestris] woods


Scientific name:
Iberian silicicolous [Pinus sylvestris] forests


Scientific name:
South-eastern European [Pinus sylvestris] forests


Scientific name:
[Pinus pallasiana] and [Pinus banatica] forests


Scientific name:
Lowland to montane mediterranean [Pinus] woodland (excluding [Pinus nigra])


Scientific name:
Maritime [Pinus pinaster ssp. atlantica] forests


Scientific name:
[Pinus pinaster ssp. pinaster] ([Pinus mesogeensis]) forests


Scientific name:
Canary Island [Pinus canariensis] woodland


Scientific name:
[Pinus canariensis] - [Cistus symphytifolius] forests


Scientific name:
[Pinus canariensis] - [Adenocarpus viscosus] woods


Scientific name:
[Pinus canariensis] - [Juniperus cedrus] woods


Scientific name:
Coniferous woodland dominated by [Cupressaceae] or [Taxaceae]


Scientific name:
Western Palaearctic [Taxus baccata] woods


Scientific name:
Hyrcanian [Platycladus orientalis] ([Thuja orientalis]) forests


Scientific name:
[Vaccinium myrtillus] western [Picea] taiga


Scientific name:
[Calluna vulgaris] - [Empetrum] western taiga


Scientific name:
[Vaccinium vitis-idaea] [Pinus] and [Picea] - [Pinus] taiga


Scientific name:
Boreal sphagnum [Pinus sylvestris] fen woods


Scientific name:
Boreal brown moss [Pinus sylvestris] fen woods


Scientific name:
Boreal [Picea] and [Picea] - [Betula] fen and bog woods


Scientific name:
Mixed sub-taiga woodland with acidophilous [Quercus]


Scientific name:
Boreonemoral lichen-dwarf shrub mixed forests


Scientific name:
Mixed [Pinus sylvestris] - [Betula] woodland


Scientific name:
Mixed [Pinus sylvestris] - [Fagus] woodland


Scientific name:
Mixed [Abies] - [Picea] - [Fagus] woodland


Scientific name:
Mixed [Pinus sylvestris] - acidophilous [Quercus] woodland


Scientific name:
Subcontinental nemoral [Pinus] - [Quercus] forests


Scientific name:
Continental nemoral [Pinus] - [Quercus] forests


Scientific name:
Mixed non-riverine deciduous and coniferous woodland


Scientific name:
Mixed deciduous woodland with [Cupressaceae] or [Taxaceae]


Scientific name:
Mixed woodland with [Cupressaceae], [Taxaceae] and evergreen oak


Scientific name:
Mixed mediterranean [Pinus] - thermophilous [Quercus] woodland


Scientific name:
Mixed [Pinus sylvestris] - thermophilous [Quercus] woodland


Scientific name:
Mixed [Pinus nigra] - evergreen [Quercus] woodland


Scientific name:
Mixed mediterranean pine - evergreen oak woodland


Scientific name:
Lines of trees, small anthropogenic woodlands, recently felled woodland, early-stage woodland and coppice


Scientific name:
Small broadleaved deciduous anthropogenic woodlands


Scientific name:
Small broadleaved evergreen anthropogenic woodlands


Scientific name:
Small mixed broadleaved and coniferous anthropogenic woodlands


Scientific name:
Early-stage natural and semi-natural woodlands and regrowth


Scientific name:
Early-stage mixed broadleaved and coniferous plantations


Scientific name:
Trees planted for early whole-tree harvesting


Scientific name:
Recently felled areas, formerly broadleaved trees


Scientific name:
Recently felled areas, formerly coniferous trees


Scientific name:
Recently felled areas, formerly mixed broadleaved and coniferous trees


Scientific name:
Inland unvegetated or sparsely vegetated habitats


Scientific name:
Terrestrial underground caves, cave systems, passages and waterbodies


Scientific name:
Caves without vertebrates or invertebrates


Scientific name:
Temperate-montane calcareous and ultra-basic screes


Scientific name:
Calcareous and ultra-basic screes of warm exposures


Scientific name:
Inland cliffs, rock pavements and outcrops


Scientific name:
Middle European montane siliceous cliffs


Scientific name:
Cyrno-Sardinian montane and alpine cliffs


Scientific name:
West Mediterranean thermophile siliceous cliffs


Scientific name:
Lowland northern and middle siliceous cliffs


Scientific name:
Tyrrheno-Adriatic eumediterranean calcicolous chasmophyte communities


Scientific name:
Central Pyrenean calcicolous chasmophyte communities


Scientific name:
Alpine and sub-mediterranean chasmophyte communities


Scientific name:
Hellenic eumediterranean calcicolous chasmophyte communities


Scientific name:
Lowland middle European calcareous cliff communities


Scientific name:
Boreal and arctic serpentine and basaltic cliff communities


Scientific name:
Bare inland basaltic and ultrabasic cliffs


Scientific name:
Temperate serpentine and basaltic cliff communities


Scientific name:
Mediterranean serpentine and basaltic cliff communities


Scientific name:
Almost bare rock pavements, including limestone pavements


Scientific name:
Bare weathered rock and outcrop habitats


Scientific name:
Sparsely vegetated weathered rock and outcrop habitats


Scientific name:
Rock glaciers and unvegetated ice-dominated moraines


Scientific name:
Unvegetated glacial moraines in the process of formation


Scientific name:
Miscellaneous inland habitats with very sparse or no vegetation


Scientific name:
Fjell fields and other freeze-thaw features with very sparse or no vegetation


Scientific name:
Fjell fields with very sparse or no vegetation


Scientific name:
Glacial moraines with very sparse or no vegetation


Scientific name:
Sparsely- or un-vegetated habitats on mineral substrates not resulting from recent ice activity


Scientific name:
Clay and silt with very sparse or no vegetation


Scientific name:
Stable sand with very sparse or no vegetation


Scientific name:
Gravel with very sparse or no vegetation


Scientific name:
Shallow rocky soils with very sparse or no vegetation


Scientific name:
Dry organic substrates with very sparse or no vegetation


Scientific name:
Burnt areas with very sparse or no vegetation


Scientific name:
East Mediterranean fumaroles and solfataras


Scientific name:
Peri-Alpine fumaroles, solfataras and mofettes


Scientific name:
Regularly or recently cultivated agricultural, horticultural and domestic habitats


Scientific name:
Large-scale intensive unmixed crops (>25ha)


Scientific name:
Medium-scale intensive unmixed crops (1-25ha)


Scientific name:
Small-scale intensive unmixed crops (<1ha)


Scientific name:
Mixed crops of market gardens and horticulture


Scientific name:
Large-scale market gardens and horticulture


Scientific name:
Small-scale market gardens and horticulture, including allotments


Scientific name:
Arable land with unmixed crops grown by low-intensity agricultural methods


Scientific name:
Inundated or inundatable croplands, including rice fields


Scientific name:
Bare tilled, fallow or recently abandoned arable land


Scientific name:
Fallow un-inundated fields with annual weed communities


Scientific name:
Fallow un-inundated fields with annual and perennial weed communities


Scientific name:
Fallow inundated fields with annual weed communities


Scientific name:
Fallow inundated fields with annual and perennial weed communities


Scientific name:
Small-scale ornamental and domestic garden areas


Scientific name:
Weed communities of recently abandoned garden areas


Scientific name:
Constructed, industrial and other artificial habitats


Scientific name:
Residential buildings of city and town centres


Scientific name:
Residential buildings of villages and urban peripheries


Scientific name:
Urban and suburban industrial and commercial sites still in active use


Scientific name:
Disused constructions of cities, towns and villages


Scientific name:
Urban and suburban construction and demolition sites


Scientific name:
High density temporary residential units


Scientific name:
Rural industrial and commercial sites still in active use


Scientific name:
Derelict spaces of disused rural constructions


Scientific name:
Active opencast mineral extraction sites, including quarries


Scientific name:
Recently abandoned above-ground spaces of extractive industrial sites


Scientific name:
Transport networks and other constructed hard-surfaced areas


Scientific name:
Weed communities of transport networks and other constructed hard-surfaced areas


Scientific name:
Highly artificial man-made waters and associated structures


Scientific name:
Highly artificial saline and brackish standing waters


Scientific name:
Saline and brackish industrial lagoons and canals


Scientific name:
Highly artificial saline and brackish running waters


Scientific name:
Highly artificial non-saline standing waters


Scientific name:
Ponds and lakes with completely man-made substrate


Scientific name:
Standing waterbodies of extractive industrial sites with extreme chemistry


Scientific name:
Highly artificial non-saline running waters


Scientific name:
Non-saline water channels with completely man-made substrate


Scientific name:
Running discharges from extractive industrial sites with extreme chemistry


Scientific name:
Highly artificial non-saline fountains and cascades


Scientific name:
Solid agricultural and horticultural waste


Scientific name:
Waste resulting from building construction or demolition


Scientific name:
All Habitat Complexes (preliminary draft proposals)


Scientific name:
Intensively-farmed crops interspersed with strips of spontaneous vegetation


Scientific name:
Rural mosaics, consisting of woods, hedges, pastures and crops


Scientific name:
Pasture woods (with a tree layer overlying pasture)


Scientific name:
Mixed landscapes with a woodland element (bocages)


Scientific name:
Land sparsely wooded with broadleaved deciduous trees


Scientific name:
Land sparsely wooded with broadleaved evergreen trees


Scientific name:
Land sparsely wooded with coniferous trees


Scientific name:
Land sparsely wooded with mixed broadleaved and coniferous trees


Scientific name:
Domestic gardens of city and town centres


Scientific name:
Domestic gardens of villages and urban peripheries


