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The European Urban Atlas provides reliable, inter-comparable, high-resolution land use maps for over 300 Large Urban Zones and their surroundings (more than 100.000 inhabitants as defined by the Urban Audit) for the 2006 reference year in EU member states and for about 800 Functional Urban Area (FUA) and their surroundings (more than 50.000 inhabitants) for the 2012 and 2018 reference year in EEA39. Two additional layers were produced starting from the 2012 reference year: 1) Street Tree Layer within selected FUAs (depending on availability and suitability of satellite imagery) and 2) Building Heights for core urban areas of selected cities in EEA39. The first change layers were produced in 2012.
The high resolution forest product consists of 3 types of (status) products, and additional change products. The status products are available for 2012, 2015, and 2018 reference years: Tree cover density (TCD) (level of tree cover density in a range from 0-100%) Dominant leaf type (DLT) (broadleaved or coniferous majority) A Forest type product (FTY). The forest type product allows to get as close as possible to the FAO forest definition. In its original (10m (2018) / 20m (2012, 2015)) resolution it consists of two products: 1) a dominant leaf type product that has a MMU of 0.5 ha, as well as a 10% tree cover density threshold applied, and 2) a support layer that maps, based on the dominant leaf type product, trees under agricultural use and in urban context (derived from CLC and imperviousness 2009 data). For the final 100m product trees under agricultural use and urban context from the support layer are removed. NEW for 2018: the 10m 2018 reference year FTY product now also has the agricultural/urban trees removed. In the past this was done only for the 100m product, now it is consistently applied for both the 10m and the 100m FTY products. Change layers The forest change products are new, and comprise a) TCDC: a simple tree cover density change product for 2012-2015 (% increase or decrease of real TCD changes). For the 2015-2018 mapping, the change layer is instead only masking loss and new tree cover. b) experimental complex dominant leaf type change product (DLTC), mapping different types of dominant leaf type changes (not yet available online).
The imperviousness products capture the percentage and change of soil sealing. Sealed/Impervious areas are characterized by the substitution of the original (semi-) natural land cover or water surface with an artificial, often impervious cover. These artificial surfaces are usually maintained over long periods of time. The imperviousness HRL captures the spatial distribution of artificially sealed areas, including the level of sealing of the soil per area unit. The level of sealed soil (imperviousness degree 1-100%) is produced using a semi-automated classification, based on calibrated NDVI. Imperviousness data is available for the reference years 2006, 2009, 2012, 2015, and 2018, and contains two types of products: 1. Status layers Imperviousness Density (IMD) The percentage of sealed area is mapped for each status layer for any of the 5 reference years (e.g. degree of Imperviousness 2012). The status layers are available in 10m spatial resolution (2018), 20m spatial resolution (2006-2015), and as aggregated 100m products. Impervious Built-up (IBU) This product shows built-up areas, the part of the sealed surfaces where buildings can be found. Built-up areas are a sub-group of the sealed areas. It refers to areas where above-ground building constructions can be found. In contrast to the Imperviousness characterized by a continuous range of imperviousness measurements, built-up in the HRL 2018 is a binary product, expressed as built-up or non-built-up areas. This product is new for the 2018 mapping campaign and is available in 10 meter resolution, as well as a 100 meter aggregated version called Share of Built-up (SBU) 2. Change layers Two types of change products are available for each of the 3-year periods between the 5 reference years (2006-2009, 2009-2012, 2012-2015, 2015-2018), and in addition, for the period 2006-2012 (that is in line with the 6-year period between two Corine Land Cover products): a) A simple layer mapping the percentage of sealing increase or decrease for those pixels that show real sealing change in the period covered. This product is available in 20m and 100m pixel size. b) A classified change product that maps the most relevant categories of sealing change (unchanged no sealing, new cover, loss of cover, unchanged sealed, increased sealing, decreased sealing). This product is available in 20m pixel size only.
EU-Hydro is a dataset for all EEA39 countries providing photo-interpreted river network, consistent of surface interpretation of water bodies (lakes and wide rivers), and a drainage model (also called Drainage Network), derived from EU-DEM, with catchments and drainage lines and nodes. The EU-Hydro dataset is distributed in separate files (river network and drainage network) for each of the 35 major basins of the EEA39 area. The production of EU-Hydro and the derived layers was coordinated by the European Environment Agency in the frame of the EU Copernicus programme.
EU-DEM is a digital surface model (DSM) of EEA member and cooperating countries representing the first surface as illuminated by the sensors. It is a hybrid product based on SRTM and ASTER GDEM data fused by a weighted averaging approach.
Natura 2000 (an EU-wide network of nature protection areas established under the 1992 Habitats Directive) is the centrepiece of EU nature & biodiversity policy. The aim of the network is to assure the long-term survival of Europe's most valuable and threatened species and habitats. A selection of Natura 2000 grassland-rich sites (5 grassland habitats types 6210, 6240, 6250, 6510 and 6520, including a 2km buffer and covering approx. 160.000 km2) sites was mapped in order to assess their actual area, their condition and their development over time. The sites were analysed for the 2006, 2012 and 2018 reference years and a change analysis was performed. The mapping also included a 2 km buffer zone where an analysis of pressures and threats was conducted.
Riparian zones represent transitional areas occurring between land and freshwater ecosystems, characterised by distinctive hydrology, soil and biotic conditions and strongly influenced by the stream water. They provide a wide range of riparian functions (e.g. chemical filtration, flood control, bank stabilization, aquatic life and riparian wildlife support, etc.) and ecosystem services. Three complementary product groups provide detailed information on the state and characteristics of riparian zones across the EEA member and cooperating countries: Land Cover / Land Use (LCLU), Delineation of Riparian Zones (DRZ), Green Linear Elements (GLE).
The Directive on the limitation of emissions of certain pollutants into the air from large combustion plants (LCP Directive, 2001/80/EC) applies to combustion plants with a rated thermal input equal to or greater than 50 MW, irrespective of the type of fuel used (solid, liquid or gaseous).
The European Pollutant Release and Transfer Register (E-PRTR) is a web-based register established by Regulation (EC) No 166/2006 which implements the UNECE PRTR Protocol, signed in May 2003 in Kiev.
hosted on land.copernicus.eu - Vector and Raster data about changes between the CLC2000 inventory and the CLC2006 inventory
hosted on land.copernicus.eu - Raster data on land cover for the CLC2006 inventory
hosted on land.copernicus.eu - Raster data on land cover for the CLC1990 inventory
hosted on land.copernicus.eu - Raster data on land cover for the CLC2000 inventory
hosted on land.copernicus.eu - Corine land cover 2000 vector
hosted on land.copernicus.eu - Raster data on land cover for the CLC2000 inventory
hosted on land.copernicus.eu - Corine land cover 1990 vector
hosted on land.copernicus.eu - Corine land cover 2012 vector
hosted on land.copernicus.eu - Vector and Raster data about changes between the CLC2006 inventory and the CLC2012 inventory
hosted on land.copernicus.eu - Vector and Raster data about changes between the CLC1990 inventory and the CLC2000 inventory
hosted on land.copernicus.eu - Corine land cover 2006 vector
For references, please go to https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/data or scan the QR code.
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