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Information per Member State analysing the data quality and coherence of nature reporting data under Article 12 and Article 17.
Indicator based on the population trends of European grassland butterflies
This raster data set corresponds to the above ground vegetation biomass productivity time-series for the period 2000-2016. The data set addresses trends in land surface productivity derived from remote sensing observed time series of vegetation indices. The vegetation index used in the indicator is the Plant Phenology Index (PPI, Jin and Eklundh, 2014). PPI is based on the MODIS Nadir BRDF-Adjusted Reflectance product (MODIS MCD43 NBAR. The product provides reflectance data for the MODIS “land” bands (1 - 7) adjusted using a bi-directional reflectance distribution function. This function models values as if they were collected from a nadir-view to remove so called cross-track illumination effects. The Plant Phenology Index (PPI) is a new vegetation index optimized for efficient monitoring of vegetation phenology. It is derived from radiative transfer solution using reflectance in visible-red (RED) and near-infrared (NIR) spectral domains. PPI is defined to have a linear relationship to the canopy green leaf area index (LAI) and its temporal pattern is strongly similar to the temporal pattern of gross primary productivity (GPP) estimated by flux towers at ground reference stations. PPI is less affected by presence of snow compared to commonly used vegetation indices such as Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) or Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI). The product is distributed with 500 m pixel size (MODIS Sinusoidal Grid) with 5-days compositing period.
Europe is one of the most forest-rich regions in the world. The area covered by forest has increased over the last century and has remained stable for the last decade. Forests constitute the largest terrestrial ecosystem of Europe and are one of Europe's most important renewable resource.
The European inventory of nationally designated protected areas holds information about designated areas and their designation types, which directly or indirectly create protected areas. This is version 20 and covers data reported until March 2022.
The CAAR is the EEA’s annual report, providing detailed information on the year’s activities, performance and achievements, as well as operational, budgetary and management reporting.
The concept of High Nature Value (HNV) farmland describes the link between extensive farming systems and their use of semi-natural land and the conservation of high biodiversity in agricultural landscapes. The HNV farmland data set supports analysis of the distribution and extent of farmland that holds a special biodiversity value and enables an analysis of spatial patterns and time trends. The data set presented here shows a 2017 update of the time series for the years 2000 and 2012 on the basis of the Corine Land Cover (CLC) accounting layers 2000 and 2012. This recalculation of the HNV farmland time series based on the CLC accounting layers ensures full coherence of the data points and enables a correct calculation of changes between HNV 2000 and HNV 2012. Please note that the JRC/EEA HNV farmland methodology is currently being revised and an updated time series for the years 2000 to 2018 will be published by the end of 2022.
The European Red List of Habitats provides an assessment of the risk of collapse of marine, terrestrial and freshwater natural and semi-natural habitats based on a consistent set of criteria and categories and detailed data and expertise. The geographical coverage is the European Union and adjacent regions. The European Red List of Habitats project was funded by the European Commission. Subsequent projects carried out by the European Environment Agency (EEA) and European Red List habitats project coordinators further refined the codes and names and enhanced crosslinks to other habitat typologies.
The Emerald Network is an ecological network made up of Areas of Special Conservation Interest. The objective of the Emerald Network is the long-term survival of the species and habitats. This version covers the reporting in 2021.
This report analyses data from the Urban Atlas of the Copernicus Land Monitoring Service. It focuses on land use changes (land take, soil sealing) and socio‑economic trends in 662 functional urban areas — cities and their commuting zones — in the EU and the UK.
These excel data files contains the result of a quickscan of literature regarding information on carbon stocks and carbon sequestration rates in terrestrial and marine ecosystems. Based on this information, supplemented with expert knowledge, a list has been drawn up in which the EUNIS habitat types are classified based on their total carbon stock and carbon sequestration rate. This list is available as separate excel worksheet for marine and terrestrial ecosystems and also included as annex in the report that documents the project.
Climate change mitigation and nature restoration are two sides of the same coin when it comes to achieving two main objectives of the European Green Deal; climate neutrality and increasing the EU’s natural capital. Well-functioning habitats can take up and store large amounts of carbon, reducing atmospheric CO2 levels and greenhouse gas emissions from land use practices. To use nature’s full potential, we need to know (1) the carbon storage and sequestration potential of European habitats in their present condition and how much carbon can be used to meet EU emissions policy targets; and (2) the measures available to increase carbon storage in habitats, and the synergies and trade-offs between these measures and ecosystem function. This briefing addresses these questions.
For references, please go to https://www.eea.europa.eu/themes/biodiversity/dm or scan the QR code.
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