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Consumption and the environment — 2012 update
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Update to the European Environment State and Outlook 2010 (SOER 2010) thematic assessment
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Environmental tax reform in Europe: implications for income distribution
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Although environmental tax reforms (ETR) tend to improve incomes across society, they can have mild regressive impacts in that richer households gain more than poorer ones. Care is needed to design ETRs in ways that ensure that certain groups are able to benefit equally. ETR's overall benefits for the economy, environment and society are potentially significant. ETR should therefore be regarded as a key element in the policymaking toolkit for shifting to a green economy.
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Environment, health and quality of life — SOER synthesis chapter 5
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The European environment – state and outlook 2010
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Synthesis
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The European environment – state and outlook 2010: Synthesis
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The European environment – state and outlook 2010: Synthesis
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The SOER 2010 Synthesis provides an overview of the European environment's state, trends and prospects, integrating the main findings of SOER 2010.
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The European environment – state and outlook 2010
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Synthesis
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Urban environment - SOER 2010 thematic assessment
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The global population is congregating in our cities. Eighty per cent of the world’s estimated nine billion people in 2050 are expected to live in urban areas. Our cities and urban areas face many challenges from social to health to environmental. The impacts of cities and urban areas are felt in other regions which supply cities with food, water and energy and absorb pollution and waste. However, the proximity of people, businesses and services associated with the very word ‘city’ means that there are also huge opportunities. Indeed, well designed, well managed urban settings offer a key opportunity for sustainable living.
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The European environment – state and outlook 2010
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Thematic assessments
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Consumption and the environment - SOER 2010 thematic assessment
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The consumption of goods and services in EEA member countries is a major driver of global resource use and associated environmental impacts. Growth in global trade is resulting in an increasing share of environmental pressures and impacts from European consumption taking place beyond Europe. Food and drink, housing, mobility and tourism are responsible for a large part of the pressures and impacts caused by consumption in the EU. Achieving significant reductions in environmental pressures and impacts will require changing private and public consumption patterns, to supplement gains achieved through better technology and improved production processes.
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The European environment – state and outlook 2010
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Thematic assessments
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Sustainable consumption and production in South East Europe and Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia - Joint UNEP-EEA report on the opportunities and lessons learned
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