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Trend in absolute sea level across Europe based on satellite measurements (1992–2011)
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Based on satellite data; trends in mm/year, inverted barometer included, seasonal signal removed
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Data and maps
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Maps and graphs
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Change in sea level 1970–2008, relative to the sea level in 1990
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Data and maps
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Maps and graphs
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Urban land-use classes in sea‑level rise and surge‑prone areas
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Data and maps
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Maps and graphs
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Potential inundation exposure for coastal cities due to projected sea level rise and storm surge events
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The map shows the proportion of the city area (UMZ inside the core city) that would be affected by potential inundation caused by a sea level rise of 1m.
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Data and maps
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Maps and graphs
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Observed and projected change in sea level 1970–2008, relative to the sea level in 1990
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The solid lines are based on observations smoothed to remove the effects of interannual variability (light lines connect data points). Data in most recent years are obtained via satellite based sensors. The envelope of IPCC (2001) projections is shown for comparison; this includes the broken lines as individual projections and the shading as the uncertainty around the projections.
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Data and maps
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Maps and graphs
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Projected global average sea-level rise, 1990–2100
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Past observed and projected sea level rise from various information sources
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Data and maps
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Maps and graphs
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Understanding climate change - key fact 6
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In 2007, the IPCC projected a sea level rise of 0.18 to 0.59 m above the 1990 level by 2100.
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The European environment – state and outlook 2010
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Understanding climate change — SOER 2010 thematic assessment
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Key facts
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Understanding climate change - key fact 7
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Recent projections show a maximum increase of sea level of about 1.0 m by 2100, while higher values up to 2.0 m cannot be excluded.
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The European environment – state and outlook 2010
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Understanding climate change — SOER 2010 thematic assessment
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Key facts
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Understanding climate change — key message 4
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Observed global mean sea level rise has accelerated over the past 15 years. From 2002 to 2009 the contributions of the Greenland and West Antarctic ice sheets to sea level rise increased. In 2007 the IPCC projected a sea level rise of 0.18 to 0.59 m above the 1990 level by 2100 excluding the effects of dynamic ice sheet processes. Recent projections show a maximum increase of about 1.0 m by 2100, while higher values up to 2.0 m cannot be excluded.
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The European environment – state and outlook 2010
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Understanding climate change — SOER 2010 thematic assessment
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Key messages
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Marine and coastal environment — key message 4
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Sea surface temperatures and sea level are rising and likely to rise further. The resulting shifts in the geographical and seasonal distribution of marine and coastal species will require adaptations in the management of fisheries and natural habitats to ensure environmental sustainability. Increasing temperatures and the acidification of the world’s oceans due to higher CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere also affect coral reefs in Europe´s overseas territories, which are important centres of biodiversity.
Located in
The European environment – state and outlook 2010
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Marine and coastal environment — SOER 2010 thematic assessment
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Key messages