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Late lessons II Chapter 14 - Climate change: science and the precautionary priniple
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Late lessons from early warnings: science, precaution, innovation
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The cost of ignoring the warning signs - EEA publishes ‘Late Lessons from Early Warnings, volume II’
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New technologies have sometimes had very harmful effects, but in many cases the early warning signs have been suppressed or ignored. The second volume of Late Lessons from Early Warnings investigates specific cases where danger signals have gone unheeded, in some cases leading to deaths, illness and environmental destruction.
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Projections for combined changes in temperature and precipitation
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Annual changes in temperature and precipitation in northern (top panels) and southern Europe (bottom panels) for the
periods 2030–2049 (left panels) and 2080–2099 (right panels) relative to 1961–1990. GCM simulations for the SRES A1B
scenario, which assumes rather high population and economic growth and a balanced use of energy sources, are shown with
green points. Comparable simulations for the ENSEMBLES E1 mitigation scenario are shown with orange points.
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Maps and graphs
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Atmospheric concentration of Nitrous Oxide (ppb)
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The figure shows the global atmospheric concentration of nitrous oxide up to 2010.
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Atmospheric concentration of Methane (ppb)
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The figure shows the global atmospheric concentration of methane up to 2010.
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Atmospheric concentration of Carbon Dioxide (ppm)
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The figure shows the global atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide up to 2010. The value for 2011 is 390.9 ppm but is not included in the chart to ensure consistency with the other greenhouse gas figures.
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Contribution of the different GHGs to the overall greenhouse gas concentration in 1950, 1990 and 2010
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Contribution of the different GHGs as included in the Kyoto and Montreal protocol to the overall greenhouse gas concentration in 1950, 1990 and 2010.
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Observed trends in total global concentration of the Kyoto gases, 1850-2010
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Data expressed in CO2-equivalent (see CSI013 justification for explanation). The threshold concentration range is based on a 50% probability of exceeding 2 degree Celsius temperature increase, given different models and scenarios.
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Maps and graphs
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Observed trends in total global greenhouse concentrations, considering all greenhouse gases (incl. aerosols) for 1970-2010
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The figure shows the total global concentration of Kyoto protocol Gases (KPG), gases under the Montreal Protocol (MPG) and non-protocol related gases (NPG). NPGs contribute negatively, as they have an overall cooling effect, whereas the other gases contribute positively.
The threshold concentration range is based on a 50% probability of exceeding 2 degree Celsius temperature increase, given different models and scenarios.
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Data and maps
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Maps and graphs
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EEA reviews new findings from 2012, the Year of Water
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Europe needs to work harder to protect its water resources from increasing pressures. This was one of the messages that emerged during 2012, ‘European Year of Water’. The European Environment Agency (EEA) also presented important findings in many other areas, including air, climate, biodiversity and chemicals.
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