Signals — every breath we take

Average annual runoff in Europe: Notes: Map prepared at a 10 km x 10 km grid resolution, showing average run-off with some smoothing of local detail
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Average concentrations of nutrients in European groundwaters and surface waters (1992-2009) Fig. 1a: Nitrate in groundwater; Fig. 1b Nitrate in rivers; Fig. 1c Orthophosphate in rivers; and Fig. 1d: Total phosphorus in lakes: Concentrations are expressed as annual mean concentrations. Only complete series after inter/extrapolation are included (see indicator specification). The number of groundwater bodies/river stations/lake stations included per country is given in metadata (see downloads and more info). Fig 1a: Nitrate concentration in European groundwater 1992-2009 Fig 1b: Nitrate concentration in European rivers 1992-2009 Fig 1c: Orthophosphate concentration in European rivers 1992-2009 Fig 1d: Total phosphorus concentration in European lakes 1992-2009
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Average concentrations of nutrients in European groundwaters and surface waters (1992-2008) Fig. 1a: Nitrate in groundwater; Fig. 1b Nitrate in rivers; Fig. 1c Orthophosphate in rivers; and Fig. 1d: Total phosphorus in lakes: Concentrations are expressed as annual mean concentrations. Only complete series after inter/extrapolation are included (see indicator specification). The number of groundwater bodies/river stations/lake stations included per country is given in metadata (see downloads and more info). Fig 1a: Nitrate concentration in European groundwater 1992-2008 Fig 1b: Nitrate concentration in European rivers 1992-2008 Fig 1c: Orthophosphate concentration in European rivers 1992-2008 Fig 1d: Total phosphorus concentration in European lakes 1992-2008
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Average concentrations of nutrients in European groundwaters and surface waters (1992-2010) Fig. 1a: Nitrate in groundwater; Fig. 1b Nitrate in rivers; Fig. 1c Orthophosphate in rivers; and Fig. 1d: Total phosphorus in lakes: Concentrations are expressed as annual mean concentrations. Only complete series after inter/extrapolation are included (see indicator specification). The number of groundwater bodies/river stations/lake stations included per country is given in parenthesis.
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Bathing water quality (CSI 022) - Assessment published Nov 2005: The quality of water at designated bathing beaches in Europe (coastal and inland) has improved throughout the 1990s and early 2000s. In 2003, 97% of coastal bathing waters and 92% of inland bathing waters complied with the mandatory standards.
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Bathing water quality in the European Union in the 2010 and 2011 bathing seasons: Bathing water quality in the European Union in the 2010 and 2011 bathing seasons under strict and less strict rules
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Bathing water quality remains high around the EU: The quality of bathing water across Europe declined slightly between 2009 and 2010, but the overall quality was still high. More than nine out of 10 bathing water sites now meet the minimum requirements.
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Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) and total ammonium concentrations in rivers between 1992 and 2006: Between 1992 and 2006, BOD5 decreased from 5 to 2 mg O2/l
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Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) and total ammonium concentrations in rivers between 1992 and 2010: Concentrations are expressed as annual mean concentrations. Only complete series after inter/extrapolation are included (see indicator specification). The number of river monitoring stations included per country is given in metadata (see downloads and more info). BOD7 data has been recalculated into BOD5 data.
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Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) and total ammonium concentrations in rivers between 1992 and 2009: Concentrations are expressed as the average of annual mean concentrations. Up to 3-year gaps of missing values have been interpolated or extrapolated. Only complete series with no missing values after this interpolation/extrapolation are included. The number of river monitoring stations included in the analysis is noted in brackets. BOD7 data has been recalculated into BOD5 data.
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