http://www.eea.europa.eu These are the search results for the query, showing results 31 to 45. http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/energy-efficiency-and-energy-consumption/assessment-1?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic   In the EU-27 countries, energy efficiency in the transport sector increased by 15% between 1990 and 2008- at an annual average rate of 0.9% - due to increased efficiency particularly for passenger cars and airplanes. Over the same period, per capita energy consumption in transport in EU-27 countries increased by 26% - at an annual average rate of 1.3% - slower than GDP (2.1% annually). In 2008, the average per capita energy consumption in transport in EU-27 was 0.75 toe. In other EEA countries, the increase of per capita energy consumption in transport was either below the EU-27 average (e.g. Switzerland with 7% and Norway with 11%) or significantly above (e.g. Turkey with 36% and Iceland with 42%). Growth in passengers and freight traffic, together with an observed modal shift from public transport to road transport, contributed to increase the energy consumption in transport, offsetting the energy efficiency gains. No publisher ghicaale ENER23 ENER consumption energy CO2 ENER2011 ENER023 energy consumption emissions transport 2011-09-19T15:02:40+02:00 Indicator Assessment http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/energy-intensity-in-the-service-sector/assessment-1?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic Over the period 1997-2008, the energy intensity (energy consumption per unit of value added) in the service sector decreased in the EU-27 by 1.2 %/year on average, showing a relative decoupling between energy consumption and activity (value added). Over the period 1990-2008, per capita energy consumption in the service sector increased by 16% in the EU-27 and 19% in EEA countries, at annual growth rates of 0.8 and 1% respectively, with very different trends across member states. Over the period 1997-2008, the electricity consumption per employee in EU-27 increased by 12%, at an annual growth rate of 1%, due to increased use of air conditioning in southern countries and of IT and other electrical equipment. This led to an increase in the electricity intensity of the service sector in EU-27 (electricity consumption per unit of value added) of 3% over the same period of time, at an annual growth rate of 0.3%. Rationale The energy consumption in the service sector consists mainly of energy consumption in buildings. The indicator tracks progress made in reducing the energy consumption per unit of activity (measured in terms of value added or number of employees) in the service sector in EU-27. Reducing the energy intensity of the service sector (as defined above), will have a positive impact on the environment due to reduced environmental pressures associated with the production of the energy input.  The indicator is complementary to ENER 21. No publisher pastocin ENER24 consumption electricity energy ENER2011 ENER024 ENER energy intensity 2011-09-19T12:08:55+02:00 Indicator Assessment http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/renewable-electricity-consumption/renewable-electricity-consumption-assessment-draft-2?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic In 2008, the share of renewable electricity in gross electricity consumption in the EU-27 was 16.7 % compared to 11.9% in 1990. Renewable electricity has grown up by 3.3%/year since 1990 (4.1%/year since 1999, 2.6%/year before). Hydropower accounts for 58% in renewable electricity production, following by wind 20.9%, biomass and wastes 19% (1% for photovoltaic and geothermal). Despite good progress, only two countries have already met the indicative national target and three are very close, meaning that much more needs to be done to achieve the overall target of 21% by 2010.   No publisher pastocin CSI031 ENER consumption electricity renewable energy energy assessment11 ENER30 ENER2011 renewable ENER2009 CSI ENER030 2011-08-10T14:13:11+02:00 Indicator Assessment http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/average-annual-growth-rates-of-3?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic Average annual growth rates of renewable energy in electricity consumption (EU-27) for 1990-2008 and 2007-2008. The highest growth rates in renewable electricity production in 2007-2008 were observed for photovoltaic (97%/year), wind (13 %/year) and biomass (7 %/year) No publisher skovvann EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (http://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA). CSI031 ENER consumption electricity renewable energy energy assessment11 ENER30 ENER2011 CSI 2011-08-09T14:53:06+02:00 EEAFigure http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/renewable-electricity-as-a-percentage-2?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic Renewable electricity as a percentage of gross electricity consumption, 2008. The renewable electricity directive (2001/77/EC) defines renewable electricity as the share of electricity produced from renewable energy sources in total electricity consumption. The latter includes imports and exports of electricity. The electricity generated from pumping in hydropower plants is included in total electricity consumption but it is not included as a renewable source of energy. Large hydropower plants have a capacity of more than 10 MW. No publisher skovvann EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (http://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA). CSI031 ENER consumption electricity energy assessment11 ENER30 ENER2011 CSI renewable 2011-08-09T14:43:49+02:00 EEAFigure http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/share-of-renewable-electricity-in-1?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic The data for World, Africa, Middle East, China, India, Russia and the United States are extracted from the EIA-database from the US DOE. These figures slightly differ from the Eurostat data. The renewable electricity share in Norway is above 100% in some years because a part of the (renewable) electricity generated domestically is exported to other countries. No 2007-2008 data available for Iceland, 2006 data were used No publisher skovvann EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (http://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA). CSI031 ENER consumption electricity energy assessment11 ENER30 ENER2011 CSI renewable 2011-08-09T13:17:16+02:00 EEAFigure http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/final-electricity-consumption-by-sector/final-electricity-consumption-by-sector-2?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic Final electricity consumption increased rapidly in most economic sectors at an average annual growth of around 1.6% per year over the period 1990-2008. Across the whole period, final electricity consumption grew by 33.4 %. The strongest growth was observed in the service sector (59.2 %), followed by households (40.1 %), industry (17.0 %) and the transport sector (14.0 %). The observed increase is the consequence of both the attractiveness of electricity as an energy carrier and economic growth. No publisher pastocin ENER consumption electricity energy ENER18 ENER2011 assessment11 ENER018 2011-08-08T17:20:13+02:00 Indicator Assessment http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/energy-efficiency-and-energy-consumption-2/assessment-2?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic Over the period 1990-2008, energy efficiency in the household sector increased by 19% in EU-27 countries, or 1.1%/year, driven by the diffusion of more efficient buildings, space heating technologies and electrical appliances.  Over the same period, the final energy consumption of households increased by about 13%, at an annual average rate of 0.7%. Electricity consumption grew much faster at an annual growth rate of 1.9%. Per capita household energy consumption in EU-27 and EEA countries only slightly increased over the period (0.4%/year). Since the year 2005 however, energy consumption per capita in the household sector decreased in almost all countries. The energy consumption of households is influenced mainly by two opposite drivers. Efficiency improvements in space heating and large electrical appliances reduces the consumption while increasing size of dwellings and increased use of electrical appliances and central heating contribute to increase the consumption and offset part of the energy efficiency benefits. CO2 emissions per dwelling were 24% below their 1990 level in 2008, mainly because of CO2 savings resulting from switches to fuel with a lower CO2 content. No publisher pastocin households ENER22 energy consumption ENER ODEX consumption energy CO2 ENER2011 heat ENER022 emissions assessment11 household 2011-08-08T16:35:11+02:00 Indicator Assessment http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/electricity-consumption-per-capita-in-1?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic The average electricity use per capita in the EU-27 is over 2.3 times the global average and 2.8 times that of China. Only Luxembourg, Sweden, Finland, Norway and Iceland are using more electricity per capita than in the United States. The rest of the EU-27 is well below the US No publisher skovvann EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (http://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA). ENER consumption electricity energy ENER18 ENER2011 assessment11 ENER018 2011-08-02T16:18:31+02:00 EEAFigure http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/average-annual-percentage-change-in-1?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic Most countries in the EU-27 experienced an overall increase in electricity consumption over the period from 1990 to 2008, except for Lithuania, Latvia, Romania and Bulgaria. During this period, the average annual growth rate of electricity consumption varied greatly by country, ranging from less than 1 % per year in Denmark, Germany, Norway, Sweden, Hungary, Slovakia and Estonia to over 4 % in Malta, Portugal, Spain, Ireland, Iceland, Cyprus and Turkey. The decrease or low growth in electricity consumption in the new Member States was a combined result of economic restructuring in the 1990s and a decrease or low growth of the total population in those countries No publisher skovvann EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (http://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA). ENER consumption electricity energy ENER18 ENER2011 assessment11 ENER018 2011-08-02T16:09:29+02:00 EEAFigure http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/average-annual-growth-rate-in-3?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic Since 1990, in the EU-27 the electricity consumption increased in the service sector (including agriculture) at an annual growth rate of 2.6 %. In total, the electricity consumption increased by 59.2 % between 1990 and 2008. The main reasons for increased electricity consumption in the service sector were the sustained growth of this sector throughout the EU, the increased use of electrical appliances (such as air conditioning, lighting or IT equipment) and the penetration of new electrical devices No publisher skovvann EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (http://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA). ENER consumption electricity energy ENER18 ENER2011 assessment11 ENER018 2011-08-02T16:03:19+02:00 EEAFigure http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/final-electricity-consumption-by-sector-3?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic Final electricity consumption by sector, EU-27. Influenced by the liberalisation of the power market, electricity prices decreased during the 1990s but they have started to rise again in the last few years No publisher skovvann EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (http://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA). ENER consumption electricity energy ENER18 ENER2011 assessment11 ENER018 2011-08-02T15:47:44+02:00 EEAFigure http://www.eea.europa.eu/signals/signals-2011/articles/living-in-an-interconnected-world?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic '…the sheer weight of the combined aspirations and lifestyles of 500 million Europeans is just too great. Never mind the legitimate desires of many other billions on our planet to share those lifestyles.... We will need to change the behaviour of European consumers. To work on people's awareness and to influence their habits.' Janez Potočnik, European Union Commissioner for Environment (March 2010). No publisher jaeglmar natural resources consumption sustainable development global globalisation signals2011 poverty minerals mineral 2011-07-05T15:15:00+02:00 Article http://www.eea.europa.eu/signals/signals-2011/articles/consuming-unsustainably?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic Key message: A major reason why consumption negatively affects the environment and causes over-use of resources is because the costs to society of environmental and resource degradation are not fully reflected in the prices of goods and services. Many goods are cheap even though they harm the environment, ecosystems or human health. (SOER 2010) No publisher jaeglmar natural resources consumption global consumer behaviour signals2011 sustainability resource efficiency sustainable global consumption sustainable consumption 2011-07-05T11:58:57+02:00 Article http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/change-in-final-consumption-per-3?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic Based on the ratio : energy consumption / population (%/year calculated on the period 1990-2008) No publisher skovvann EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (http://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA). ENER24 consumption energy ENER2011 ENER024 ENER 2011-07-01T14:51:53+02:00 EEAFigure