http://www.eea.europa.eu These are the search results for the query, showing results 1 to 15. http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/rural-concentration-map-of-the-ozone-indicator-aot40-for-crops-year-2?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic AOT40 for crops are vegatation exposure related indicators and are based on rural background station observation only. No publisher iverscar EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (http://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA). CSI air pollution assessment11 CSI005 ozone AOT40 2012-08-20T14:10:00+02:00 EEAFigure http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/global-annual-average-temperature-deviations-1850-2007-relative-to-the-1850-1899-average-in-oc-the-lines-refer-to-10-year-moving-average-the-bars-to-the-annual-land-and-ocean-global-average-4?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic Global average air temperature anomalies (1850 to 2011) in degrees Celsius (°C) relative to a pre-industrial baseline period for 3 analyses of observations: 1) Black line - HadCRUT3 from the UK Met Office Hadley Centre and University of East Anglia Climate Research Unit, baseline period 1850-1899 (Brohan et al., 2006) with the grey area representing the 95% confidence range, 2) Red line – MLOST from the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Climatic Data Centre, baseline period 1880-1899 (Smith et al., 2008), and 3) Blue line - GISSTemp from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Goddard Institute for Space Studies, baseline period 1880-1899 (Hansen et al., 2010). Upper graph shows annual anomalies and lower graph shows decadal average anomalies for the same datasets. No publisher Blaz Kurnik Access is managed by the owner mentioned below. Please contact the owner for more information about their data policy, climate CSI Climate change CSI012 climate change assessment11 2012-05-08T10:25:00+02:00 EEAFigure http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/annual-winter-december-january-february-and-summer-june-july-august-mean-temperature-deviations-in-europe-1860-2007-oc-the-lines-refer-to-10-year-moving-average-european-land-4?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic European average air temperature anomalies (1850 to 2011) in °C over land areas only, for annual (upper), winter (middle) and summer (lower) periods relative to pre-industrial baseline period. 1) Black line - HadCRUT3 from the UK Met Office Hadley Centre and University of East Anglia Climate Research Unit, baseline period 1850-1899 (Brohan et al., 2006) with the grey area representing the 95% confidence range, 2) Red line – MLOST from the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Climatic Data Centre, baseline period 1880-1899 (Smith et al., 2008), and 3) Blue line - GISSTemp from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Goddard Institute for Space Studies, baseline period 1880-1899 (Hansen et al., 2010). No publisher iverscar Access is managed by the owner mentioned below. Please contact the owner for more information about their data policy. climate assessment11 temperature climate change CSI012 CSI 2012-05-08T10:25:00+02:00 EEAFigure http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/european-annual-average-temperature-deviations-1850-2008-relative-to-the-1850-1899-average-in-oc-the-lines-refer-to-10-year-moving-average-the-bars-to-the-annual-land-only-european-average-3?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic The sources of the original data: 1) Black line - HadCRUT3 from the UK Met Office Hadley Centre and University of East Anglia Climate Research Unit, baseline period 1850-1899 (Brohan et al., 2006) with the grey area representing the 95% confidence range, 2) Red line – MLOST from the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Climatic Data Centre, baseline period 1880-1899 (Smith et al., 2008), and 3) Blue line - GISSTemp from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Goddard Institute for Space Studies, baseline period 1880-1899 (Hansen et al., 2010). Upper graph shows anomalies and lower graph shows decadal average anomalies for the same datasets. Europe is defined as the area between 35° to 70° North and -25° to 30° East, plus Turkey (35° to 40° North and 30° to 45° East). No publisher iverscar Access is managed by the owner mentioned below. Please contact the owner for more information about their data policy. assessment11 climate CSI CSI012 climate change 2012-05-08T10:25:33+02:00 EEAFigure http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/nuclear-energy-and-waste-production/nuclear-energy-and-waste-production-3?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic The amount of high level nuclear waste from nuclear electricity production continues to accumulate. In 2009, 34,824 tonnes of heavy metals contained in high level nuclear waste was in storage, up 4.7% since 2008. The annual quantity of spent fuel was approximately 1,828 tonnes of heavy metals in 2009. However, there is a decreasing trend in the annual quantity of spent fuel arisings since 1990. On the other hand, the amount of electricity produced from nuclear power has increased by 12.5% over the period 1990 to 2009 (see ENER27). This decoupling between electricity production and generation of radioactive waste can be explained by the fact that fuel rods are replaced gradually as well as by improvements in fuel burnup and plant efficiency [1] . [1] Energy efficiency  is calculated using an efficiney coefficient of  33% for all reactors (the efficiency of a particular reactor type – CANDU) since  all reactors types are slightly different. However overtime there is a trend towards more efficient reactors in Europe, such as those with breeder reactors/fuel enrichment. However, once a reactor is built, the efficiency assumed is fixed at 33%. No publisher pastocin assessment11 ENER13 electricity nuclear energy heavy metals ENER2011 heavy metal ENER013 fuel ENER nuclear plant 2012-04-30T14:00:02+02:00 Indicator Assessment http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/specification.2010-08-10.4640130926-2/assessment-1?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic Energy-related emissions account for only 2% of NH 3 emissions but 96% of NO x and 94% of SO 2 emissions in the EEA-32 in 2009. They fell by 17%, 13% and 21% respectively between 2005 and 2009 in EEA-32 countries. Since 1990, these energy related emissions declined by 40% and 78% for NO x and SO 2 respectively but increased by 88% for NH 3 in the EU-27 and declined by 37% (NO x ) and 74% (SO 2 ) and increased by 92% (NH 3 ) in EEA-32 member countries. However as noted earlier the percentage of energy related NH 3 emissions are insignificant compare do the non-energy related NH 3 emissions. Most of the total reduction in pollutants contributing to acid deposition since 1990 is accounted for by lower SO 2 emissions from the energy-producing sector and lower NO x emissions from the transport sector. The EU-27 is broadly on track to meet its overall targets set under the NEC Directive (NECD) [1] , however further reductions are needed to improve remaining local and transboundary air pollution issues, and for ensuring that individual countries meet emissions ceiling targets under the NECD and the UNECE Gothenburg Protocol. [1] See Pollutant Specific Factsheet NOx No publisher iverscar ENER06 CO2 ENER air pollution electricity energy emission air ENER2011 ENER006 heat SO2 NOx emissions assessment11 nitrogen dioxide pollutant 2012-04-30T13:55:02+02:00 Indicator Assessment http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/final-energy-consumption-by-sector-2/final-energy-consumption-by-sector-7?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic Between 1990 and 2009, the final energy consumption in the EU-27 increased by 3.2 % at an annual average rate of 0.2% whereas the final energy consumption decreased by 6.6% between 2005 and 2009. Transport remains the sector with the fastest growing energy consumption (30.6% over the period 1990-2009) followed by services (29.7% over the period 1990-2009). Over the same period, household final energy consumption increased by about 8.0% while final consumption in industry fell by 27.0 %. Of this decline in industry, a large decline occurred during the period 2008 to 2009, where there was a decline of 14.7% since 2008. Between 2008 and 2009, EU-27 final energy consumption decreased by 5.2 %. There were declines in all sectors due to the economic recession; there was even a decline in the transport sector (-2.7%) during the same period. On average, one person in the EEA countries used 2.1 tonnes of oil equivalent to meet their energy needs in 2009. No publisher alec ENER16 CSI CSI027 natural gas electricity petroleum energy GHG retrospective ENER2011 ENER016 energy consumption solid fuels fuel assessment11 industry 2012-03-29T11:31:35+02:00 Indicator Assessment http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/overall-change-in-energy-related-3?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic Emissions of NH3 have been omitted from the graph. Total emissions of NH3 have significantly increased but only contribute a very small amount to energy related emissions. No publisher iverscar EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (http://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA). ENER06 assessment11 air pollution emission ENER2011 ENER006 2012-03-21T14:03:55+02:00 EEAFigure http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/contribution-of-different-sectors-energy-5?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic The figue shows the contribution of different sectors (energy and non-energy) to total emissions of SO2, NOx and NH3 No publisher iverscar EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (http://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA). ENER energy ENER2011 ENER006 emissions assessment11 pollutant 2012-03-21T13:52:43+02:00 EEAFigure http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/average-annual-growth-rates-of-2?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic Average annual growth rates of renewable energy in electricity consumption (EU-27) for 1990-2009 and 2008-2009. No publisher skovvann EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (http://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA). CSI031 ENER consumption electricity renewable energy energy assessment11 ENER30 ENER2011 CSI 2012-03-06T10:04:45+02:00 EEAFigure http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/structure-of-the-efficiency-of-2?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic The figure shows the structure of primary consumption vs final consumption and energy loses No publisher skovvann EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (http://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA). energy consumption ENER11 energy assessment11 ENER011 ENER 2012-01-31T16:30:00+02:00 EEAFigure http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/energy-losses-and-energy-availability-2?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic How to read the figure: % Share of 101300 (consumption – energy sector), 101400 (distribution losses), 101500 (energy available for final consumption), Transformation losses (101000 Transformation input minus 101100 Transformation output) within the sum of the above four elements for each Member State No publisher skovvann EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (http://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA). ENER11 energy assessment11 ENER2011 ENER011 ENER 2012-01-31T15:57:11+02:00 EEAFigure http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/structure-of-co2-emissions-from-2?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic How to read the figures: Left-top: % Share of fuel input (TJ) by type (liquid, solid, gaseous, biomass and other fuels) into 1A1a public electricity and heat production. Left-bottom: Implied emission factor for each fuel above (tCO2 / TJ), taken from EEA (2009) Right-top: Average efficiency of transformation in EU-27. Numerator = 101109 Output from district heating plants + 101121 Output from public thermal power stations Denominator = 101009 Input to district heating plants + 101021 Input to public thermal power stations Right-bottom: % Share of CO2 emissions by fuel type (liquid, solid, gaseous, biomass and other fuels into 1A1a public electricity and heat production) No publisher skovvann EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (http://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA). CO2 ENER11 energy power plant assessment11 ENER2011 ENER011 ENER 2012-01-31T15:50:44+02:00 EEAFigure http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/co2-emission-savings-per-year-2?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic CO2 emission savings per year for EU-27 at different transformation efficiencies compared to current 2009 efficiency No publisher skovvann EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (http://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA). CO2 ENER11 energy assessment11 ENER2011 ENER011 ENER 2012-01-31T15:50:35+02:00 EEAFigure http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/production-of-ozone-depleting-substances-in-eea-member-countries?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic Production is defined under Article 1(5) of the Montreal Protocol as production minus the amount destroyed minus the amount entirely used as feedstock in the manufacture of other chemicals. Since the figures are for each calendar year, it is quite possible that in some years the destroyed amounts and/or the feedstock figure may exceed the production figure of that year, if they include ODS from a carry-over stock. The calculated production could be negative in such cases. No publisher alec EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (http://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA). assessment11 Assessment10 CSI006 air ozone CSI 2011-12-12T16:25:50+02:00 EEAFigure