http://www.eea.europa.eu These are the search results for the query, showing results 1 to 15. http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/emissions-of-ozone-precursors-version-2/assessment-2?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic Emissions of the main ground-level ozone precursor pollutants have decreased across the EEA-32 region between 1990 and 2010; nitrogen oxides (NO X ) by 42%, non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOC) by 53%, carbon monoxide (CO) by 61%, and methane (CH 4 ) by 32%. This decrease has been achieved mainly as a result of the introduction of catalytic converters for vehicles, which has significantly reduced emissions of NO X and CO from the road transport sector, the main source of ozone precursor emissions. The EU-27 as a whole has not met its 2010 target to reduce emissions of NO X , one of the two ozone precursors (NO X and NMVOC) for which emission limits exist under the EU's NEC Directive (NECD). Whilst total NMVOC emissions in the EU-27 were below the NECD limit in 2010, a number of individual Member States did not meet their ceilings for one or both of these two pollutants. Of the three non-EU countries having emission ceilings for 2010 set under the UNECE/CLRTAP Gothenburg protocol (Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland), all reported NMVOC emissions in 2010 that were lower than their respective ceilings, however Liechtenstein and Norway reported NO X emissions higher than their ceiling for 2010. No publisher adamsma1 human air emissions nitrogen CO agriculture air quality CSI002 CSI001 CH4 NMVOC acidification APE002 CSI APE004 assessment12 emission ozone precursors NOx SOER2010 air ozone pollution APE 2012-12-20T18:49:55+02:00 Indicator Assessment http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/eea-32-non-methane-volatile-1/assessment-2?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic EEA-32 emissions of non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) have decreased by 53% since 1990. In 2010, the most significant sources of NMVOC emissions were 'Solvent and product use' (42%), comprising activities such as paint application, dry-cleaning and other use of solvents, followed by 'Commercial, institutional and households' (18%). The decline in emissions since 1990 has primarily been due to reductions achieved in the road transport sector due to the introduction of vehicle catalytic converters and carbon canisters on petrol cars for evaporative emission control, driven by tighter vehicle emission standards, combined with limits on the maximum volatility of petrol that can be sold in EU Member States, as specified in fuel quality directives. The reductions in NMVOC emissions have been enhanced by the switching from petrol to diesel cars in some EU countries, and changes in the 'Solvents and product use' sector as a result of the introduction of legislative measures limiting the use and emissions of solvents. The majority of EU-27 Member States have reduced emissions since 1990 in line with their obligations under the National Emission Ceilings Directive (NECD), however two Member States have not met their ceilings (Germany and Spain) [1] . Emissions in 2010 for the three non-EU countries which have emission ceilings for 2010 set under the UNECE/CLRTAP Gothenburg protocol (Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland) were all well below their respective ceilings. Environmental context: Non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) are a collection of organic compounds that differ widely in their chemical composition but display similar behaviour in the atmosphere. NMVOCs are emitted into the atmosphere from a large number of sources including combustion activities, solvent use and production processes. Biogenic NMVOC are emitted by vegetation, with amounts dependent on the species and on temperature. NMVOCs contribute to the formation of ground-level (tropospheric) ozone, and certain species such as benzene and 1,3 butadiene are directly hazardous to human health. Quantifying the emissions of total NMVOC provides an indicator of the emissions of the most hazardous NMVOCs. [1] Emissions data reported by EU member states under NECD is used for comparison with NECD ceilings, and data reported under CLRTAP is used for all other calculations unless otherwise stated. No publisher adamsma1 air quality APE004 assessment12 CSI002 industry air NMVOC air emissions human CSI pollution APE 2012-12-20T18:42:34+02:00 Indicator Assessment http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/eea-32-nitrogen-oxides-nox-emissions-1/assessment.2010-08-19.0140149032-2?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic EEA-32 emissions of nitrogen oxides (NO X ) decreased by 42% between 1990 and 2010. In 2010, the most significant sources of NO X  emissions were the 'Road transport' (41%), 'Energy production and distribution' (22%) and the 'Commercial, institutional and households' and 'Energy use in industry' (both 13%) sectors. The largest reduction of emissions in absolute terms since 1990 has occurred in the road transport sector. These reductions have been achieved despite the general increase in activity within this sector since the early 1990s and have primarily been achieved as a result of fitting three-way catalysts to petrol fuelled vehicles. However, ambient urban concentrations of NO2 in EU-27 countries in recent years have not fallen by as much as reported emissions. From 2001 to 2010, NO2 annual mean concentrations at urban background sites fell by just 10.6% on average (CSI004 - Fig 5) during which time the reported NO X  emissions for the EU-27 decreased by 24.9%. The disparity between trends in NO X emissions and ambient NO2 concentration is due in part to increased penetration of diesel vehicles, and the ‘real-world’ emission performance of modern diesel vehicles not showing the improvements that were indicated by the test cycle emission factors used for emission inventories. It is also due to the increased proportion of NO X emitted directly as NO2 from the exhaust of more modern diesel vehicles which use catalyst systems for controlling emissions of other pollutants. As a result of this difference, a number of member states' NO X  emissions could be significantly higher than currently calculated. In the electricity/energy production sector reductions have also occurred as a result of measures such as the introduction of combustion modification technologies (such as use of low NO X  burners), implementation of flue-gas abatement techniques (e.g. NO X scrubbers and selective catalytic and non-catalytic reduction techniques, i.e. SCR and SNCR) and fuel-switching from coal to gas. The National Emission Ceilings Directive (NECD) specifies NO X  emission ceilings for Member States that must have been met by 2010. In general, the newer EU Member States have made substantially better progress towards meeting their respective NO X  ceilings than the older Member States of the EU-15. Eleven of the twelve post-2004 Member States had reduced their 2010 emissions beyond what is required under the NECD [1] , with the remaining one reporting NO X  emissions just 2% above the NECD target. In contrast, only four of the EU-15 Member States reported emissions for 2010 within their respective national ceilings. Of the three non-EU countries having emission ceilings set under the UNECE/CLRTAP Gothenburg protocol (Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland), only Switzerland reported 2010 emissions below the level of their 2010 ceiling. Environmental context: NO X  contributes to acid deposition and eutrophication of soil and water. The subsequent impacts of acid deposition can be significant, including adverse effects on aquatic ecosystems in rivers and lakes and damage to forests, crops and other vegetation. Eutrophication can lead to severe reductions in water quality with subsequent impacts including decreased biodiversity, changes in species composition and dominance, and toxicity effects. NO2 is associated with adverse effects on human health, as at high concentrations it can cause inflammation of the airways and reduced lung function, increasing susceptibility to respiratory infection. It also contributes to the formation of secondary particulate aerosols and tropospheric ozone in the atmosphere, both of which are important air pollutants due to their adverse impacts on human health and other climate effects. [1] Emissions data reported by EU member states under NECD is used for comparison with NECD ceilings, and data reported under CLRTAP is used for all other calculations unless otherwise stated. No publisher adamsma1 APE002 air quality nitrogen assessment12 CSI002 industry air NOx air emissions human CSI pollution CSI001 APE 2012-12-20T18:29:37+02:00 Indicator Assessment http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/contribution-to-total-change-in-12?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic The contribution made by each sector to the total change in methane (CH4) emissions between 1990 and 2010. No publisher skovvann EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (http://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA). CSI assessment12 CSI002 emission ozone CH4 air emissions pollution 2012-12-20T18:02:23+02:00 EEAFigure http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/contribution-to-total-change-in-11?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic The contribution made by each sector to the total change in carbon monoxide (CO) emissions between 1990 and 2010. No publisher skovvann EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (http://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA). CO assessment12 CSI002 emission ozone air emissions CSI pollution 2012-12-20T17:57:13+02:00 EEAFigure http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/change-in-ch4-emissions-for-2?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic Percentage change in methane (CH4) emissions for each sector between 1990 and 2010. No publisher skovvann EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (http://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA). CSI assessment12 CSI002 emission ozone CH4 air emissions pollution 2012-12-20T17:51:34+02:00 EEAFigure http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/change-in-co-emissions-for-2?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic Percentage change in carbon monoxide (CO) emissions for each sector between 1990 and 2010. No publisher skovvann EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (http://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA). CO assessment12 CSI002 emission ozone air emissions CSI pollution 2012-12-20T17:38:17+02:00 EEAFigure http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/sector-contributions-of-ozone-precursor-2?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic The contribution made by different sectors to emissions of the tropospheric (ground-level) ozone precursors in 2010. No publisher skovvann EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (http://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA). CO assessment12 CSI002 emission ozone precursors ozone CH4 NOx air emissions NMVOC CSI pollution 2012-12-20T17:26:48+02:00 EEAFigure http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/change-in-ch4-emissions-1?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic The reported change in methane (CH4) emissions for each country, 1990-2010. No publisher skovvann EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (http://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA). CSI assessment12 CSI002 emission ozone CH4 air emissions pollution 2012-12-20T16:14:41+02:00 EEAFigure http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/change-in-co-emissions-1?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic The reported change in carbon monoxide (CO) emissions for each country, 1990-2010. No publisher skovvann EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (http://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA). CO assessment12 CSI002 emission ozone air emissions CSI pollution 2012-12-20T16:10:00+02:00 EEAFigure http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/emission-trends-of-acidifying-pollutants-4?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic This chart shows past emission trends of nitrogen oxides (NOx), non-methane volatile organic compunds (NMVOC), carbon monoxide (CO) and methane (CH4) in the EEA-32 and EU-27 group of countries. In addition - for the EU-27 - the aggregated Member State 2010 and 2020 emission ceilings for NOx and NMVOC are shown. No publisher skovvann EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (http://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA). CO assessment12 CSI002 emission ozone NMVOC NOx air emissions CH4 CSI acidification pollution 2012-12-20T16:00:23+02:00 EEAFigure http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/change-in-non-methane-volatile-organic-compounds-emissions-for-each-sector-between-1990-and-2007-eea-member-countries-7?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic The contribution made by each sector to the total change in non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOC) emissions between 1990 and 2010. No publisher skovvann EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (http://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA). air quality APE004 assessment12 CSI002 NMVOC air emissions CSI pollution APE 2012-12-19T19:04:36+02:00 EEAFigure http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/change-in-non-methane-volatile-organic-compounds-emissions-for-each-sector-between-1990-and-2007-eea-member-countries-6?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic Percentage change in non-methane volatile organic compound (NMVOC) emissions for each sector between 1990 and 2010. No publisher skovvann EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (http://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA). air quality APE004 assessment12 CSI002 NMVOC air emissions CSI pollution APE 2012-12-19T18:56:00+02:00 EEAFigure http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/change-in-emissions-of-non-methane-volatile-organic-compounds-compared-with-the-2010-necd-and-gothenburg-protocol-targets-eea-member-countries-3?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic The reported change in NMVOC emissions for each country, 1990-2010, in comparison with the 2010 NECD and 2020 Gothenburg protocol targets. No publisher skovvann EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (http://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA). air quality APE004 assessment12 CSI002 NMVOC air emissions CSI APE pollution 2012-12-19T18:28:25+02:00 EEAFigure http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/emissions-of-acidifying-substances-version-2/assessment-3?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic Emissions of the acidifying pollutants, nitrogen oxides (NO X ), sulphur oxides (SO X ) and ammonia (NH 3 ), have decreased significantly in most of the individual EEA member countries between 1990 and 2010. Emissions of SO X have decreased by 75%, NO X by 42% and NH 3 emissions by 28% since 1990 within the EEA-32. Data reported under the NECD indicates that the EU-27 as a whole has met its overall target to reduce emissions of SO X and NH 3 as specified by the EU’s National Emissions Ceiling Directive (NECD). However twelve individual Member States, and the EU as a whole, reported emissions in the 2010 above their NECD 2010 emission ceilings for NO X , although the twelve Member States joining the EU in 2004/7 reported combined emissions below their collective NECD ceiling. Three EU-27 member states also reported 2010 NH 3 emissions above the levels of their NECD ceilings, neither of which are in the group of twelve new EU member states. Of the three non-EU countries having emission ceilings for 2010 under the UNECE/CLRTAP Gothenburg protocol (Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland), both Liechtenstein and Norway reported NO X emissions in 2010 that were substantially higher than their respective 2010 ceilings. Liechtenstein also reported 2010 NH 3 emissions above the level of their Gothenburg protocol 2010 ceiling. No publisher adamsma1 air emissions nitrogen SOx agriculture ammonia air quality CSI002 CSI001 acidification APE002 APE003 APE001 CSI assessment12 SO2 NOx NH3 SOER2010 industry air pollution APE 2012-12-13T13:52:38+02:00 Indicator Assessment