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10 messages for 2010 - Urban ecosystems

In Europe, where the overwhelming majority of people live in urban areas, tackling the interlinked challenges between biodiversity and its network of towns and cities is crucial to help halting biodiversity loss.

Reported noise exposure of more than 55 dB Lden in European agglomerations with more than 250 000 inhabitants based on the results of strategic noise mapping

The figure shows the reported long-term (yearly) average exposure to day-evening-night noise of more than 55 dB in EU-27 agglomerations with more than 250 000 inhabitants

Slowdown of urban growth

Historical trends and projections by world regions (1950- 2050) of urban growth rate showing a clear slowdown for all regions

The level of green areas inside and around cities, 2006

The map shows the relation of green urban areas to the green background, i.e. it compares the mean value of green background of the city surroundings with the mean values of green urban areas of the core cities, both in [%]. Results are represented by points of different colours.

Urban land-use classes in sea‑level rise and surge‑prone areas

Urban trends

Historical urban population trends and projections by world regions (1950- 2050), showing the share of cities with less than 750 000 inhabitants

Share of green urban areas in European cities, 2006

Cities are core cities following the Urban Audit definition (Eurostat, 2010). In most cases the delineation of the core city matches the urban built-up area. But in some cases the delineation also includes substantial areas outside the urban built-up areas (parts of the urban fringe and hinterland); in other cases, it includes only city centres

NO2 annual mean concentrations (μg/m3) in the urban background for a subset of European cities, 2008

Oslo — quiet sanctuaries in a busy urban environment, 2010

Quiet areas decided by the the city of Oslo and the connection between areas

Percentage of green urban areas in EU-27 core cities

This map shows the percentage of green urban areas in core cities

Percentage of people exposed to levels above the WHO interim target for night-time noise in Europe from road transport (> 55 dB Lnight)

Perception of noise (all sources) as a problem in European cities compared to road noise (major source of environmental noise) levels reported in the urban agglomerations correlated to processes of centralisation (c), decentralisation (d) and no change (n

The left diagram shows a ranking from relatively less noise problems perceived down to cities with highly perceived noise problems (dataset 2). The right diagram shows in addition the reported noise data under the Environmental Noise Directive 2002/49/EC (dataset 1). The colour of the city names indicates if the population moves rather towards the centres or to the edge or develops similarly in the centre and the edge (dataset 3)

Population development between 2001 and 2004 in major city regions in Europe

Pressure changes on wetlands from urban proximity (1990–2000) summarised at NUTS 2 level in parts of the Mediterranean and Black Sea regions

Proportion of cycle trips to work in a selection of European cities, 2004

The graph shows the proportion of cycle trips to work in relation of all trips to work in selected cities

Exposure of population in European cities to flood risk under climate change (scenario A2 — high emissions; 100-years flood)

Flood plains of the river Elbe in the municipality of Dresden, Germany, during different flooding events

The figure shows the flooded area in Dresden during different flood events

Car ownership rates projections

Car ownership trends and projections (2000-2050). Although car ownership is projected to grow at much higher rates in China and India than in the rest of the world, the number of cars per person in 2050 will still stay below that of more advanced economies.

Changing middle class

Trends and projections (2000- 2050) of middle-class consumption, showing the growing importance of middle-class consumers in China and India.

Comparing the degree of soil sealing and the surface temperatures in Budapest, Hungary

Temperature-mortality relationship in 15 European cities

Figure shows relationship between daily maximum apparent temperature (Barcelona: mean apparent temperature) and natural mortality (blue) and 95% confidence interval (grey).

Different urban delineations: the administrative city and the Urban Morphological Zone (UMZ) of Paris and Sofia

Land take in urban floodplains, 2012-2018

Land take in urban protected areas, 2012-2018

Land take and the associated soil sealing causes less resilient ecosystems through landscape fragmentation and habitats destruction, soil sealing, decreased carbon sequestration and impaired flood protection. These processes are one of the major drivers of land degradation. Restoring wetlands, peatlands, coastal ecosystems, forests, grasslands and agricultural soils are essential for avoiding biodiversity decline and for climate change adaptation. This dashboard presents an overview of land take processes in protected areas of Functional Urban Areas in EEA and EU member states for the years 2012-2018.

Greenhouse gas footprints per capita for transport in UK local authorities and urban-rural pattern