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EEA SIGNALS 2019 - Land and soil in Europe
We cannot live without healthy land and soil. It is on land that we produce most of our food and we build our homes. For all species — animals and plants living on land or water — land is vital. Soil — one of the essential components of land — is a very complex and often undervalued element, teeming with life. Unfortunately, the way we currently use land and soil in Europe and in the world is not sustainable. This has significant impacts on life on land.
Agriculture and environment in EU-15 - the IRENA indicator report
EEA Report 2/2006 - Integration of environment into EU agriculture policy - the IRENA indicator-based assessment report
This report aims to provide a fair reflection of the progress, the achievements and obstacles in the integration of environmental concerns into EU agriculture policy, based on indicators developed in the IRENA operation (see Section 1.3). It also tackles limitations to successful policy implementation at Member State level, and challenges ahead.
Relative losses of agricultural areas to urbanisation
Graph showing estimated loss of agricultural land in 20 EU countries due to urbanization between 1990 and 2000 based on an analysis of CORINE Land Cover Data
Salinisation in Europe, 1993
Sensitivity to desertification in the northern Mediterranean
Sensitivity to desertification and drought in the Mediterranean basin.
Soil compaction in Europe
Degree and extent of soil compaction in Europe
Soil contamination by heavy metals
Concentration of Pb in topsoils (0-25cm)
Soil erosion: probable problem areas in Europe
Soil erosion risk assessment for Europe for the year 2000
The map shows the soil erosion risk assessment for Europe for the year 2000
Soil map
Map presentation of Corine European soil database version 2.
Soil quality index map
Soil sealing and population density in the capitals of EEA countries and the Western Balkans
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Soil sensitivity
This index is one of the components of the sensitivity to desertification index
The major soil types of Europe
The map shows the major soil types as defined by their WRB Reference Group name.
The natural susceptibility for soils to compaction
The map shows the natural soil susceptibility to compaction
The relative importance of soil biodiversity threats on the basis of expert judgement
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Total number of sites where risk reduction measures have been implemented
Variations in topsoil organic carbon content across Europe
The map shows the percentage of organic carbon content in the surface horizon of soils in Europe. The darker regions correspond to soils with high values of organic carbon. The darkest colours, especially in Estonia, Fennoscandinavia, Ireland and the United Kingdom, denote peatlands.
Water erosion in Europe, 1993
Wind erosion in Europe, 1993
Estimated soil erosion by water in Europe
Calculated by the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE). While the overall patterns of erosion are generally sound, the validation of erosion data can be challenging. The data presented are currently being validated through comparisons with national datasets and expert judgement. In this sense, zooming in on a specific locality can give the impression of a situation that differs from reality. In addition, the model used in this exercise does not consider localised intense precipitation.
Nitrogen surplus and exceedances of critical nitrogen inputs to agricultural land in view of adverse impacts on water quality
The map shows the calculated nitrogen surplus (inputs minus crop removal) and exceedance of critical nitrogen inputs to agricultural land in view of adverse impacts on water
Overview of economic activities causing soil contamination in some WCE and SEE countries (pct. of investigated sites)
Overview of progress in management of soil contamination in WCE and some SEE countries
SOER2010-title: Contamited sites in Europe, 2006. The graphs shows the status of identification and clean‑up of contaminated sites in Europe as reported to the European Environment Agency through the Eionet priority data flows on contaminated sites. While trends vary across Europe, it is clear that the remediation of contaminated sites is still a significant undertaking.