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Source apportioned annual load and estimated fertiliser use in six Bernet catchments.
Total nitrogen (A) and Total phosphorus (B).
Source apportioned annual load in 1999 and estimated fertiliser use in Euroharp catchments.
Total nitrogen (A) and Total phosphorus (B)
Source apportioned annual load of nitrogen (A) and phosphorus (B) in large river catchments based on the Moneris model, and nitrogen surplus.
Source-oriented approach
Source apportioned annual load of phosphorus in the catchments of large lakes.
Mixed approaches.
Source apportioned annual load of phosphorus to inland waters in the sub-catchments of the Baltic. (A)
Source-oriented approaches
Source apportionment of phosphorus load in selected regions and catchments.
The area of each pie chart indicates the total area-specific load
Spatial variation in N surplus (left) and P surplus (right) for the year 2010 in the EU-27
The figure shows the spatial variation in nitrogen (N) surplus (left map) and phosporus (P) surplus (right map) for all agricultural land in the EU-27 in 2010 (excluding the United Kingdom and Croatia). The surplus for N is calculated as the sum of N inputs to land (fertiliser, manure and biosolids, atmospheric N deposition, biological fixation and net mineralisation) minus crop removal (offtake). The surplus for P is calculdated as the sum of P inputs to land (fertiliser, manure and biosolids, atmospheric P deposition) minus crop removal (offtake). In the two maps, regions with higher N and P surpluses are coloured in shades of orange and red (with red colours representing N surpluses over 150 kg/ha/yr and P surpluses of 12 kg/ha/yr, respectively). Regions with lower N and P surpluses are shown in shades of green. N surpluses occur in nearly all regions, and are highest in areas with high livestock densities such as the Netherlands, Belgium, Brittany in France and the Po valley region in Italy. Because P is adsorbed by the soil, P surpluses can be negative in areas where crop uptake exceeds P input and P inputs are completely eliminated (so-called P mining), such as in parts of France, Germany, Czechia, Slovakia and Hungary. The maps and the supporting information are adapted from De Vries, W., Romkens, P., Kros, H., Voogd, J.C.H., Schulte-Uebbing, L., 2022, Impacts of nutrients and heavy metals in European agriculture. Current and critical inputs in relation to air, soil and water quality, ETC-DI Report 2022/01, European Environment Agency.
Trend in median total ammonium, total phosphorus and nitrate concentration of river water bodies, grouped by ecological status/potential class
Concentrations are expressed as a median of annual mean concentrations. Up to three-year gaps of missing values have been interpolated or extrapolated. Only complete series with no missing values after this interpolation/extrapolation are included. The number of time series/river stations is shown in parentheses. The trend for 1992 to 2010 for each of the ecological quality classes has been linearly extended to 2027 — or when the concentration level becomes negative.
Water quality of rivers in six Member States 1980-1999. BOD, phosphorous and ammonium
National or regional source apportionments and fertiliser use (Faostat fertiliser consumption) for phosphorus. (B)
UK figures on fertilisers used for Northern Ireland
Nitrate and phosphorus concentrations in selected WCE freshwater bodies
Numbers of groundwater bodies, lake and river monitoring stations in brackets
Nutrients in European water bodies
This figure shows the trends in nitratre concentrations in European rivers and groundwater and the trends in phosphorus in European lakes and rivers
Phosphorous levels in the water of large mountain lakes in Switzerland
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Phosphorus concentration in European lakes and reservoirs
Note: Number of lakes per country: AT(26), BG(4), CH(22), DE(300), DK(28), EE(156), ES(96), FI(70), FR(27), HU(4), IE(18), IT(7), IV(10), MK(3), NL(112), NO(401), PL(290), PT(18), RO(33), SE(2992), SL(4), UK(66).
Phosphorus in European rivers, 1994-96
Point source discharges and anthropogenic losses of phosphorus to the North Sea in 2000. (B)
Source-oriented approaches.
Annual average phosphorus concentration in rivers
Discharges of nitrogen and phosphorous from wastewater treatment plants
Phosphorus emission intensity of agriculture
Nutrient trends in European water bodies
The data series are calculated as the average of annual mean concentrations for groundwater bodies/river stations/lake stations in Europe. Only complete series after inter/extrapolation are included (see indicator specification). The number of groundwater bodies/river stations/lake stations included per country is given in the notes below the individual substance charts.
- Rivers - nitrate
The data series are calculated as the average of annual mean concentrations for groundwater bodies/river stations/lake stations in Europe. Only complete series after inter/extrapolation are included (see indicator specification). The number of groundwater bodies/river stations/lake stations included per country is given in the notes below the individual substance charts.
- Rivers - phosphate
The data series are calculated as the average of annual mean concentrations for groundwater bodies/river stations/lake stations in Europe. Only complete series after inter/extrapolation are included (see indicator specification). The number of groundwater bodies/river stations/lake stations included per country is given in the notes below the individual substance charts.
- Lakes - phosphorus
The data series are calculated as the average of annual mean concentrations for groundwater bodies/river stations/lake stations in Europe. Only complete series after inter/extrapolation are included (see indicator specification). The number of groundwater bodies/river stations/lake stations included per country is given in the notes below the individual substance charts.
Long time series of source apportioned load of nitrogen and phosphorus (kg/ha/year on y axes) in the period 1975 - 2003.
Mixed approaches.