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COVID-19 and Europe's environment: impacts of a global pandemic
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on people’s lives worldwide. This briefing focuses on what we know about the short-term effects of COVID-19 on our environment, approximately six months after large parts of the world went into some degree of lockdown. It considers what can be learnt from these effects and how they might help shape decision-making in the future.
Environment and health
Delivery drones and the environment
A technology with uncertain potential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions from e-commerce and the logistics industry and concerns over increased noise pollution and threats to wildlife.
Reported noise exposure of more than 55 dB Lden in European agglomerations with more than 250 000 inhabitants based on the results of strategic noise mapping
The figure shows the reported long-term (yearly) average exposure to day-evening-night noise of more than 55 dB in EU-27 agglomerations with more than 250 000 inhabitants
Traffic noise map of Rotterdam, the Netherlands
Noise data for 52 European cities
The questionnaire asked how many people were exposed to what noise classes.
Number of IHD cases attributable to road traffic noise per 100,000 population (2017)
The figure shows the incidence rate of cases of Ischaemic Heart Disease attributable to road traffic noise in 31 member countries of the EEA in 2017 (latest year with complete data coverage).
Number of people exposed to Lden ≥ 55 dB in Europe, based on areas covered by strategic noise maps
Data submited by countries up to 01/01/2019
Number of people exposed to Lnight ≥ 50 dB in Europe, based on areas covered by strategic noise maps
Data submited by countries up to 01/01/2019
Oslo — quiet sanctuaries in a busy urban environment, 2010
Quiet areas decided by the the city of Oslo and the connection between areas
Perceived and reported noise pollution
EC, 2007a and 2007 data reported under the Directive on environmental noise (EEA, 2008)
Percentage of people exposed to levels above the WHO interim target for night-time noise in Europe from road transport (> 55 dB Lnight)
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Percentage of population exposed to noise within and outside mountain areas in Austria due to major roads and major railways with more than 6 mio vehicles or 60 000 train passages per year (excluding Vienna)
Difference on the percentage of people exposed to more than 55dB Lden and more than 50 dB Lnight inside and outside mountain areas in Austria. The calculations were done excluding the number of people exposed inside Viena and considering two different noise sources: noise from major roads (with more than 6 mio vehicles/year) and noise from major railways (with more than 60.000 train passages/year).
Perception of noise (all sources) as a problem in European cities compared to road noise (major source of environmental noise) levels reported in the urban agglomerations correlated to processes of centralisation (c), decentralisation (d) and no change (n
The left diagram shows a ranking from relatively less noise problems perceived down to cities with highly perceived noise problems (dataset 2). The right diagram shows in addition the reported noise data under the Environmental Noise Directive 2002/49/EC (dataset 1). The colour of the city names indicates if the population moves rather towards the centres or to the edge or develops similarly in the centre and the edge (dataset 3)
Perception of noise (all sources) as a problem in European cities compared to road noise (major source of environmental noise) levels reported in the urban agglomerations correlated to processes of centralisation (c), decentralisation (d) and no change (n
The left diagram shows a ranking from relatively less noise problems perceived down to cities with highly perceived noise problems (dataset 2). The right diagram shows in addition the reported noise data under the Environmental Noise Directive 2002/49/EC (dataset 1). The colour of the city names indicates if the population moves rather towards the centres or to the edge or develops similarly in the centre and the edge (dataset 3)
Potential quiet areas in Europe based upon the quietness suitability index (QSI)
The quietness suitability index (QSI) provides the overview with the highest (QSI=1) and lowest (QSI=0) proportion of potential quiet areas in Europe.
Projected numbers of people highly annoyed by transport noise, by noise band and transport source, in the EU-27 under conservative and optimistic scenarios for 2030
Projected percentage change from 2017 to 2030 in the number of people highly annoyed by noise from rail, road and aircraft under a conservative and an optimistic scenarios in EU-27
Proportion of the population exposed to average day-evening-night road noise levels (Lden) ≥ 55dB, 2011
This map shows the proportion of the population per country exposed to road traffic noise at or above 55 dB Lden (average day-evening-night noise levels).
Quietness Suitability Index (QSI) and Natura 2000
The map shows the index of suitable quiet areas across Europe combined with the Natura2000 protected areas