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Regional climate change and adaptation — The Alps facing the challenge of changing water resources
Drawing on the most recent knowledge of climate change impacts in the Alps and experiences across the region, this report analyses the risks that climate change presents to the region's water supply and quality, identifying needs, constraints, opportunities, policy levers and options for adaptation. It extracts policy guidance on adaptation practice and aims to assist regional and local stakeholders in developing robust adaptation strategies. The focus of the report is on water resources and related adaptation, rather than water-related extreme events like floods, avalanches, landslides or mudflows, which are already well covered by existing studies of climate change impacts in the Alps.
EEA Briefing 1/2006 - Assessing environmental integration in EU agriculture
Distribution and targeting of the CAP budget from a biodiversity perspective
The EU has highlighted the importance of using the Common Agriculture Policy (CAP) to prevent the abandonment of high nature value farmland and its intensification as a key action to halt biodiversity decline. The present report sets out to assess whether the current distribution of CAP funds is likely to favour the maintenance of farmland with high nature value (HNV). And it explores the extent to which CAP funds are likely to support the long-term economic and ecological sustainability of these HNV farming systems.
EEA SIGNALS 2019 - Land and soil in Europe
We cannot live without healthy land and soil. It is on land that we produce most of our food and we build our homes. For all species — animals and plants living on land or water — land is vital. Soil — one of the essential components of land — is a very complex and often undervalued element, teeming with life. Unfortunately, the way we currently use land and soil in Europe and in the world is not sustainable. This has significant impacts on life on land.
Agriculture and environment in EU-15 - the IRENA indicator report
Land accounts for Europe 1990-2000
Towards integrated land and ecosystem accounting
EEA Report 2/2006 - Integration of environment into EU agriculture policy - the IRENA indicator-based assessment report
This report aims to provide a fair reflection of the progress, the achievements and obstacles in the integration of environmental concerns into EU agriculture policy, based on indicators developed in the IRENA operation (see Section 1.3). It also tackles limitations to successful policy implementation at Member State level, and challenges ahead.
Progress towards halting the loss of biodiversity by 2010
This report assesses farmland, forests, freshwater ecosystems, marine and coastal systems, wetlands of international importance and mountain ecosystems in order to provide evidence of progress — or lack of progress — towards the 2010 target of halting the loss of biodiversity.
10 messages for 2010 - Agricultural ecosystems
Within the framework of the CAP, the last 50 years have seen increasing attention to biodiversity, but without clear benefits so far. With agriculture covering about half of EU land area, Europe's biodiversity is linked inextricably to agricultural practices, creating valuable agro-ecosystems across the whole of Europe.
10 messages for 2010 — Mountain ecosystems
European mountain regions provide essential ecosystem services for lowlands and host a great diversity of habitats and species, many adapted to specific extreme climatic conditions. Mountain ecosystems are fragile and vulnerable, and face severe threats from land abandonment, intensifying agriculture, impacts of infrastructure development, unsustainable exploitation and climate change.
Rural concentration of the ozone indicator AOT40 for vegetation, 2018
Accumulated ozone exposure values for vegetation and crops — over a threshold of 40 parts per billion (AOT40c) — for 2018, as calculated for the fusion maps and as measured at rural background stations.
Rural development spending
Sensitivity of cereal yields to climate change for maize and wheat
A small increase in temperature has a positive impact on cereals yield, while a high increase (3-5 oC) has a negative impact
Sensitivity of results to changes in key assumption
Share of farmland (UAA) under agri-environment schemes in 2002
The 'landscape and nature' category only includes the area under new agri-environmental contracts signed in 2000-2002 under Regulation (EC) 1257/1999 (equivalent to a total of 8.2 million ha) because the data is not available for the 'old' schemes.
Share of gross farm income derived from agri-environment payments (2000)
The map shows the variation in the regional distribution of the share of agri-environment payments in gross farm income
Share of HNV farmland per utilised agricultural area (UAA)
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Share of organic farming area in total utilised agricultural area
The figure shows the share of organic farmong area in total utilised agricultural area 1990 and 2002
Share of organic farming per country in the pan-European region, 2004
Share of targeted agricultural habitat types (dependent on extensive farming practices) within Natura 2000 sites
Share of the EU-15 agricultural sector in total greenhouse gas emissions (2002) National share of the agriculture sector in total greenhouse gas emissions (2002)
Emissions from agricultural transport and energy use are excluded, as these sectors are not defined as part of the agriculture sector by the current IPCC guidance
Share of the utilised agricultural area used for organic farming in the EU-27 over the period 2012-2021
Organic farming in the EU has been continuously increasing since 2012 and reached an estimated 9.9% of the utilised agricultural area (UAA) in 2021.
Share of total utilised agricultural area (UAA) occupied by organic farming
Area covers existing organically-farmed areas and areas in process of conversion
Share of utilised agricultural area under agri-environment schemes (1998 figures)
Percentage of the utilised agricultural area under agri-environmental measures following Regulation No 2078/92; status on 15.04.98
Share of utilised agricultural area under agri-environment schemes in 2001
The map shows the share of utilised agricultural area (UAA) under agri-environment schemes in 2001