http://www.eea.europa.eu These are the search results for the query, showing results 1 to 15. http://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/late-lessons-2/late-lessons-chapters/late-lessons-ii-chapter-15?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic No publisher kobosnic late lessons II floods natural disasters Climate change river management 2013-01-30T11:05:00+01:00 File http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/crop-yield-variability-1/assessment?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic Yields of several crops (e.g. wheat) are stagnating, whereas yields of other crops (e.g. maize in north Europe) are increasing; both effects are partly due to the observed climatic warming. Extreme climatic events, including droughts and heat waves, have negatively affected crop productivity during the first decade of the 21st century, and this is expected to further increase yield variability under climate change. Crop yields will be affected by the combined effects of changes in temperature, rainfall and atmospheric CO 2 concentration. Future climate change can lead to yield decreases or increases, depending on crop type and with considerable regional differences across Europe. No publisher marxxand Climate change climate projection crop productivity CLIM032 crop yield water limitation solar radiation climate change wheat production CLIM agriculture 2012-11-20T18:56:17+02:00 Indicator Assessment http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/glaciers-1/assessment?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic The vast majority of glaciers in the European glacial regions are in retreat. Glaciers in the European Alps have lost approximately two thirds of their volume since 1850, with clear acceleration since the 1980s. Glacier retreat is expected to continue in the future. The volume of European glaciers has been estimated to decline between 22 and 66 % compared to the current situation by 2100 under a business-as-usual emission scenario. Glacier retreat contributes to sea-level rise and it affects freshwater supply and run off regimes, river navigation, irrigation and power generation. It may also cause natural hazards and damage to infrastructure. No publisher marxxand Europe europe climate glacier climate change mass-balance cryosphere CLIM007 glaciers Climate change CLIM 2012-11-19T16:38:14+02:00 Indicator Assessment http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/snow-cover-1/assessment?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic Snow cover extent in the Northern Hemisphere has fallen by 7 % in March and 11 % in April during the past 4 decades. In winter and autumn no significant changes have occurred. Snow mass in Europe has decreased by 7 % in March from 1982 to 2009. Model simulations project widespread reductions in the extent and duration of snow cover in Europe over the 21st century. However, there are large uncertainties in the projections. Changes in snow cover affect the Earth’s surface reflectivity, water resources, the flora and fauna and their ecology, agriculture, forestry, tourism, snow sports, transport and power generation. No publisher marxxand climate ENSEMBLES RCM Climate change snowfall days cryosphere snow cover snow snow pack water equivalent northern hemispher CLIM008 CLIM snow mass 2012-11-19T16:25:57+02:00 Indicator Assessment http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/greenland-ice-sheet-1/assessment?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic The Greenland ice sheet is the largest body of ice in the Northern Hemisphere and plays an important role in the cryosphere. It changed in the 1990s from being in near mass balance to losing about 100 billion tonnes of ice per year. Ice losses have since then more than doubled to 250 billion tonnes a year averaged over 2005 to 2009. The contribution of ice loss from the Greenland ice sheet to global sea-level rise is estimated at 0.14–0.28 mm/year for the period 1993–2003 and has since increased. The recent melting of the Greenland ice sheet is estimated to have contributed up to 0.7 mm a year to sea-level rise, which is approximately one quarter of the total sea-level rise of about 3.1 mm/year. Model projections suggest further declines of the Greenland ice sheet in the future but the processes determining the rate of change are still poorly understood. No publisher jaeckgre mass balance Greenland Ice Sheet climate CLIM009 cumulated melt area Climate change cryosphere ice sheet Greenland CLIM 2012-11-19T15:54:47+02:00 Indicator Assessment http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/projections-of-economic-costs-from?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic Projections of economic costs from climate change and socio-economic developments for four major categories for two different socio economic scenarios and three different future periods. Left: damage costs for the A1B scenario for energy for cooling, heat-related mortality (weighted average of Value of a Statistical Life (VSL) and Value of a Life Year Lost (VOLY)), river floods and coastal zones. Time horizon: 2010–2040, 2040–2070 and 2070–2100. Right: A1B and E1 scenarios, 2070–2100. No publisher iverscar EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (http://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA). scenarios Climate change projections economic costs 2012-11-16T15:05:00+01:00 EEAFigure http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/simulated-change-in-water-limited?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic The figure shows the simulated change in water-limited wheat production for 2030 compared with 2000 for the A1B emission scenario using a cold (ECHAM5) (left) and a warm (HADCM3) (right) climate change projection. The simulation was performed on a 25x25 km grid (assuming current area of wheat cropping) but the results are presented here at the NUTS-2 level. No publisher jaeckgre EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (http://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA). Climate change wheat production water limitation agriculture 2012-10-22T11:45:00+01:00 EEAFigure http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/projected-changes-in-annual-snowfall-days?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic The figure shows the multi-model mean of changes in annual snowfall days from 1971-2000 to 2041-2070 exceeding (left) 1 cm and (right) 10 cm based on six RCM simulations and the emission scenario A1B No publisher jaeckgre EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (http://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA). cryosphere ENSEMBLES Climate change snowfall days snow RCM 2012-08-14T13:55:00+02:00 EEAFigure http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/trend-in-march-snow-mass?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic The figure (left) shows anomalies for March snow mass in the EEA region (excluding mountain areas) and the 30-year linear trend. The map (right) shows a snapshot of snow cover on 15 February 2009. No publisher jaeckgre EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (http://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA). Climate change cryosphere snow mass snow pack water equivalent 2012-07-19T15:55:00+02:00 EEAFigure http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/probability-of-complete-loss-of?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic The figure shows the probability of complete loss of northern Fennoscandian areas suitable for palsas during the 21st century estimated using a probabilistic projection of climate change for the SRES A1B scenario No publisher jaeckgre EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (http://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA). Europe Climate change cryosphere permafrost Palsa mire 2012-07-19T09:05:00+01:00 EEAFigure http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/global-and-european-temperature/global-and-european-temperature-assessment-5?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic Global Three independent long records of global average near-surface (land and ocean) annual temperature show that the decade between 2002 and 2011 was 0.77°C to 0.80°C warmer than the pre-industrial average. In recent decades, the rate of change in global average temperature has been close to the 0.2°C per decade. The Arctic has warmed significantly more than the globe, and this is projected to continue into the future. The best estimate for the further rise in global average temperature is between 1.8 and 4.0°C for the lowest and highest SRES marker scenarios (IPCC SRES) that assume no additional political measures to limit emissions. When climate model uncertainties are taken into account, the likely range increases to 1.1 – 6.4 °C. The EU target of limiting global average temperature increase to 2 °C above pre-industrial levels is projected to be exceeded during the second half of this century and likely around 2050, for all six IPCC scenarios. Europe The average temperature for the European land area for the last decade (2002-2011) is 1.3°C above the pre-industrial level, which makes it the warmest on record. Annual average land temperature over Europe is projected to continue increasing by more than global land temperature during the 21 st century. By the 2021-2050 period, temperature increases of between 1.0°C and 2.5°C are projected, and by 2071-2100 this increases to between 2.5°C and 4.0°C. The largest temperature increase during 21 st century is projected over eastern and northern Europe in winter and over Southern Europe in summer. Extremes of cold have become less frequent in Europe while warm extremes have become more frequent. Since 1880 the average length of summer heat waves over Western Europe doubled and frequency of hot days almost tripled.   No publisher alec understanding climate change climate Assessment09 CSI temperature climate change SOER2010 CSI012 CLIM001 mean temperature trend Climate change assessment11 CLIM extreme temperatures 2012-06-26T10:46:31+02:00 Indicator Assessment http://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/consumption-and-the-environment-2012?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic Update to the European Environment State and Outlook 2010 (SOER 2010) thematic assessment No publisher EEA (European Environment Agency) Rio conference green tax bicycle mobility energy Rio +20 trade social inequalities sustainable housing soil sealing household consumption technology ecological footprint textile industry consumption public transport housing green purchasing thematic assessment biodiversity loss policy environmental footprint population SCP well-being infrastructure food energy efficient buildings price income global warming environmental taxes tourism eco-label SOER2010 sustainable consumption air pollution Climate change pricing policy demography car water pollution ecolabel sustainable consumption and production 2012-06-14T13:05:00+01:00 Publication http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/the-change-in-yearly-cumulated?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic The figure shows the change in yearly cumulated area of the Greenland ice sheet and it's melt during the period 1979 to 2011 in percentage relative to area in 1979=100. The linear trend 1979–2011 is included. No publisher jaeckgre EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (http://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA). cumulated melt area Climate change cryosphere Greenland Ice Sheet 2012-06-14T09:20:00+01:00 EEAFigure http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/projected-volume-for-2001-2100?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic This figure shows the projected volume (in cubic km) for 2001–2100 of all mountain glaciers and ice caps in the European glaciated regions derived using a mass balance model driven with temperature and precipitation scenarios from 10 GCMs. European Alps (top left), Scandinavia (top right), Iceland (bottom left), Svalbard (bottom right). No publisher jaeckgre EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (http://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA). europe Climate change cryosphere glacier mass-balance 2012-06-14T08:40:00+01:00 EEAFigure http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/changes-in-duration-of-warm-spells-in-summer-across-europe-in-the-period-1976-2006-in-days-per-decade-4?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic How to read the map: Warm days are defined as being above the 90th percentile of the daily maximum temperature. Grid boxes outlined in solid black contain at least 3 stations and so are likely to be more representative of the grid-box. Higher confidence in the long-term trend is shown by a black dot. Area averaged annual time series of percentage changes and trend lines are shown below each map for one area in northern Europe (Green line, 5.6 to 16.9 E and 56.2 to 66.2 N) and one in south-western Europe (Pink line, 350.6 to 1.9 E and 36.2 to 43.7 N). No publisher Blaz Kurnik Access is managed by the owner mentioned below. Please contact the owner for more information about their data policy. Climate change climate extreme temperatures CSI012 2012-06-06T15:25:00+02:00 EEAFigure