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Northward movement of marine species (CLIM 015) - Assessment published Sep 2008
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Increases in regional sea temperatures have triggered a major northward movement of warmer-water plankton in the north-east Atlantic and a similar retreat of colder-water plankton to the north. This northerly movement is about 10 o latitude (1 100 km) over the past 40 years, and it seems to have accelerated since 2000. This will have an impact on the distribution of fish in the region. Many species of fish and plankton have shifted their distributions northward. Sub-tropical species are occurring with increasing frequency in European waters and sub-Arctic species are receding northwards. The rate of northward movement of a particular species, the silvery john dory, has been estimated at about 50 km/year. Changes in the geographic distribution of some species of fish have been observed and may affect the management of fisheries. Fisheries regulations in the EU include allocations of quotas based on historic catch patterns, and these may need to be revised.
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Northward movement of marine species
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Change in winter orthophosphate concentrations in coastal and open waters of the North East Atlantic, Baltic, Mediterranean and North Seas, for stations that include observations made in 2005 (left panel) and those that do not (right panel)
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Countries included in the analysis: Belgium, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Sweden, United Kingdom
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Change in winter oxidized nitrogen concentrations in coastal and open waters of the North East Atlantic, Baltic, Mediterranean and North Seas, for stations that include observations made in 2005 (left panel) and those that do not (right panel), (this list also includes the countries that have not submitted any nutrient observations to the EEA)
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Countries included in the analysis:
Belgium, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Sweden, United Kingdom
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State of commercial fish stocks in N E Atlantic and Baltic Sea in 2006.
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Examples of impacts from marine invasive alien species
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PFC concentrations in surface water (5m) in the North Sea, August 2005
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Total and marine catches, change from 2000 to 2005
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International comparisons
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Direct and riverine inputs of hazardous substances into the North-East Atlantic
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This figure shows the input of cadmium, mercury, lead, lindane and PCB7 into the Northeast Atlantic (including the North Sea) as a percentage of 1990 values
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Change in marine invasive alien species in eight pan-European seas
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Data for the Baltic Sea is for parts of the sea with a salinity of > 5 psu
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Total sea surface temperature changes in the Mediterranean Sea (oC, 1982-2003)
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