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Late lessons II Chapter 9 - The pesticide DBCP and male infertility
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Late lessons from early warnings: science, precaution, innovation
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Late lessons II Chapter 10 - Bisphenol A contested science divergent safety evaluations
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Late lessons from early warnings: science, precaution, innovation
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Increase in cancers and fertility problems may be caused by household chemicals and pharmaceuticals
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Chemicals which disrupt the hormone system – also known as 'endocrine disrupting chemicals' (EDCs) – may be a contributing factor behind the significant increases in cancers, diabetes and obesity, falling fertility, and an increased number of neurological development problems in both humans and animals, according to a review of recent scientific literature commissioned by the European Environment Agency (EEA).
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The cost of ignoring the warning signs - EEA publishes ‘Late Lessons from Early Warnings, volume II’
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New technologies have sometimes had very harmful effects, but in many cases the early warning signs have been suppressed or ignored. The second volume of Late Lessons from Early Warnings investigates specific cases where danger signals have gone unheeded, in some cases leading to deaths, illness and environmental destruction.
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Europe’s environment now healthier – but new risks emerging
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Europeans live longer and healthier lives than in the past, partly due to successful environmental policies that have reduced the exposure to harmful environmental contaminants in air, water and food, according to a new report. However, these contaminants are still a problem, and several new health risks are emerging, for example, from new chemicals, new products and changing lifestyle patterns.
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The impacts of endocrine disrupters on wildlife, people and their environments – The Weybridge+15 (1996–2011) report
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Rates of endocrine diseases and disorders, such as some reproductive and developmental harm in human populations, have changed in line with the growth of the chemical industry, leading to concerns that these factors may be linked. For example, the current status of semen quality in the few European countries where studies have been systematically conducted, is very poor: fertility in approximately 40 % of men is impaired. There is also evidence of reproductive and developmental harm linked to impairments in endocrine function in a number of wildlife species, particularly in environments that are contaminated by cocktails of chemicals that are in everyday use. Based on the human and wildlife evidence, many scientists are concerned about chemical pollutants being able to interfere with the normal functioning of hormones, so-called endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), that could play a causative role in these diseases and disorders. If this holds true, then these 'early warnings' signal a failure in environmental protection that should be addressed.
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Percentage of females with imposex in the whelks Neptunea antiqua and Buccinum undatum in the Danish North Sea (2001)
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Environment and health
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