http://www.eea.europa.eu These are the search results for the query, showing results 21 to 35. http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/projected-changes-in-annual-and-3?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic Projected changes in annual (left) and summer (right) precipitation (%) between 1961-1990 and 2071-2100 as simulated by ENSEMBLES Regional Climate Models for the IPCC SRES A1B emission scenario. No publisher iverscar EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (http://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: ENSEMBLE FP6 project. scenarios climate change thematic assessment precipitation understanding climate change 2012-11-29T13:50:00+02:00 EEAFigure http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/relative-change-in-ead?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic Relative change in annual expected damage (EAD) No publisher poulsmo1 EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (http://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: Joint Research Centre (JRC). water vulnerability flood EAD climate change 2012-11-29T12:25:00+02:00 EEAFigure http://www.eea.europa.eu/pressroom/newsreleases/water-management-in-europe-faces?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic Water pollution and excessive water use are still harming ecosystems, which are indispensable to Europe’s food, energy, and water supplies. To maintain water ecosystems, farming, planning, energy and transport sectors need to actively engage in managing water within sustainable limits. No publisher girliar ecosystem services green economy climate change water resource efficiency nitrate water pollution flooding 2012-11-26T09:00:00+01:00 Press Release http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/forest-growth-1/assessment?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic The area covered by forests and other wooded land in Europe (39 EEA countries) has increased for many decades. Forest biomass in the EEA region is also growing, and the average growth rate has increased from 1990 to 2010. In some central and western areas of Europe, forest growth has been reduced in the last 10 years due to storms, pests and diseases. Future climate change and increasing CO 2 concentrations are expected to affect site suitability, productivity, species composition and biodiversity, and thus have an impact on the goods and services that the forests provide. In general, forest growth is projected to increase in northern Europe and to decrease in southern Europe. No publisher marxxand climate change climate CLIM forest CLIM034 2012-11-22T12:48:38+02:00 Indicator Assessment http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/impacts-and-consequences-of-climate?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic Table shows the impacts and consequences of climate change on forest growth and forest conditions. No publisher iverscar EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (http://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA). climate change forest 2012-11-22T12:40:56+02:00 EEAFigure http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/air-pollution-by-ozone-1/assessment?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic Ozone is both an important air pollutant and a GHG. Excessive exposure to ground-level ozone is estimated to cause about 20000 premature deaths per year in Europe. Attribution of observed ozone exceedances, or changes therein, to individual causes, such as climate change, is difficult. Future climate change is expected to increase ozone concentrations but this effect will most likely be outweighed by reduction in ozone levels due to expected future emission reductions. No publisher fussehan climate CLIM2008 air pollution climate change air ozone CLIM006 air emissions CLIM O3 2012-11-22T12:30:55+02:00 Indicator Assessment http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/timing-of-the-cycle-of-1/assessment?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic Flowering of several perennial crops has advanced by about two days per decade in recent decades. Changes in timing of crop phenology are affecting crop production and the relative performance of different crop species and varieties. The shortening of crop growth phases in many crops is expected to continue. The shortening of the grain filling phase of cereals and oilseed crops can be particularly detrimental to yield. No publisher marxxand climate Atmospheric conditions agriculture CLIM031 A1B atmosphere CHM maturation Meteorological geographical features climate change climate model projections flowering CLIM Agricultural and aquaculture facilities environmental assessment winter wheat 2012-11-21T17:56:00+02:00 Indicator Assessment http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/vector-borne-diseases-1/assessment?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic The transmission cycles of vector-borne diseases are sensitive to climatic factors but also to land use, vector control, human behaviour and public health capacities. Climate change is regarded as the main factor behind the observed northward and upward move of the tick species Ixodes ricinus in parts of Europe. Climate change is projected to lead to further northward and upward shifts in the distribution of I. ricinus. It is also expected to affect the habitat suitability for a wide range of disease vectors, including Aedes albopictus and phlebotomine species of sandflies, in both directions. No publisher marxxand climate Aedes albopictus climate change CLIM037 disease human health Borrelia burgdorferi CLIM Aedes aegypti 2012-11-21T15:54:37+02:00 Indicator Assessment http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/heat-and-health-1/assessment?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic Mortality and morbidity increase, especially in vulnerable population groups, and general population well-being decreases during extreme cold spells and heat waves, as well as above and below local and seasonal comfort temperatures, with different temperature thresholds in Europe. The number of warm days and nights has increased across Europe in recent decades. Heat waves over the last decade have caused tens of thousands of premature deaths in Europe. Length, frequency and intensity of heat waves are very likely to increase in the future. This increase can lead to a substantial increase in mortality over the next decades, especially in vulnerable groups, unless adaptation measures are taken. Cold-related mortality is projected to decrease in Europe due to climate change as well as better social, economic and housing conditions in many countries. No publisher marxxand climate death CLIM2008 SOER2010 climate change CLIM036 global warming thematic assessment human health urban environment CLIM mortality temperature 2012-11-20T21:25:32+02:00 Indicator Assessment http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/floods-and-health/assessment?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic River and coastal flooding affect millions of people in Europe each year. They affect human health through drowning, heart attacks, injuries, infections, psychosocial consequences, and health effects of chemical hazards as well as disruption of services. Observed increases in heavy precipitation and extreme coastal high-water events have led to more river and coastal flooding in many European regions. Increases in health risks associated with river and coastal flooding are projected in many regions of Europe due to projected increases in extreme precipitation events and sea level. No publisher marxxand climate CLIM046 climate change wet mass movement human health human CLIM flooding 2012-11-20T21:12:31+02:00 Indicator Assessment http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/direct-losses-from-weather-disasters-1/assessment?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic Hydro-meteorological events (storms, floods, and landslides) account for 64 % of the reported damages due to natural disasters in Europe since 1980; climatological events (extreme temperatures; droughts and forest fires) account for another 20 %. Overall damages from extreme weather events have increased from EUR 9 billion in the 1980s to more than EUR 13 billion in the 2000s (inflation-corrected). The observed damage increase is primarily due to increases in population, economic wealth and human activities in hazard-prone areas and to better reporting. It is currently difficult to determine accurately the proportion of damage costs that are attributable to climate change. The contribution of climate change to the damage costs from natural disasters is expected to increase due to the projected changes in the intensity and frequency of extreme weather events. No publisher marxxand CLIM039 risk climate change hazards climate natural disasters thematic assessment adaptation CLIM 2012-11-20T20:18:34+02:00 Indicator Assessment http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/heating-degree-days-1/assessment?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic The number of heating degree days (HDD) has decreased by an average of 16 per year since 1980. This helps reduce the demand for heating, particularly in northern and north-western Europe. Climate change will affect future energy and electricity demand. Climate change is not expected to change total energy demand in Europe substantially across Europe, but there may be significant seasonal effects, with large regional differences. No publisher marxxand climate change impacts urban climate CLIM047 energy climate change heating degree CLIM 2012-11-20T19:50:24+02:00 Indicator Assessment http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/water-requirement-1/assessment?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic In the Iberian Peninsula and Italy, an increase in the volume of water required for irrigation from 1975 to 2010 has been estimated, whereas parts of south-eastern Europe have recorded a decrease. The projected increases in temperature will lead to increased evapotranspiration rates, thereby increasing crop water requirements across Europe. The impact of increasing water requirements is expected to be most acute in southern Europe, where the suitability for rain-fed agriculture is projected to decrease and irrigation requirements are projected to increase. No publisher marxxand climate Agricultural and aquaculture facilities Atmospheric conditions CLIM033 climate change environmental assessment weather modification atmosphere Mediterranean irrigation water for agricultural use Meteorological geographical features water availability CLIM agriculture rain water 2012-11-20T19:06:20+02:00 Indicator Assessment http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/crop-yield-variability-1/assessment?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic Yields of several crops (e.g. wheat) are stagnating, whereas yields of other crops (e.g. maize in north Europe) are increasing; both effects are partly due to the observed climatic warming. Extreme climatic events, including droughts and heat waves, have negatively affected crop productivity during the first decade of the 21st century, and this is expected to further increase yield variability under climate change. Crop yields will be affected by the combined effects of changes in temperature, rainfall and atmospheric CO 2 concentration. Future climate change can lead to yield decreases or increases, depending on crop type and with considerable regional differences across Europe. No publisher marxxand Climate change climate projection crop productivity CLIM032 crop yield water limitation solar radiation climate change wheat production CLIM agriculture 2012-11-20T18:56:17+02:00 Indicator Assessment http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/soil-organic-carbon-1/assessment?utm_source=EEASubscriptions&utm_medium=RSSFeeds&utm_campaign=Generic Soil carbon stocks in the EU-27 are around 75 billion tonnes of carbon; around 50 % of which is located in Ireland, Finland, Sweden and the United Kingdom (because of the large area of peatlands in these countries). The largest emissions of CO 2 from soils are due to conversion (drainage) of organic soils, and amount to 20–40 tonnes of CO 2 per hectare per year. The most effective option to manage soil carbon in order to mitigate climate change is to preserve existing stocks in soils, and especially the large stocks in peat and other soils with a high content of organic carbon. On average, soils in Europe are most likely to be accumulating carbon. Soils under grassland and forests are a carbon sink (estimated up to 80 million tonnes of carbon per year) whereas soils under arable land are a smaller carbon source (estimated from 10–40 million tonnes of carbon per year). The effects of climate change on soil organic carbon and soil respiration are complex, and depend on distinct climatic and biotic drivers. However, they lack rigorous supporting datasets. Climate change is expected to have an impact on soil carbon in the long term, but changes in the short term will more likely be driven by land management practices and land use change No publisher marxxand climate soil land use CLIM027 climate change carbon CLIM 2012-11-20T17:25:59+02:00 Indicator Assessment