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National Renewable Energy Action Plan (NREAP) data from Member States: A compiled dataset on renewable energy trajectories extracted from the submissions of the Member States to the European Commission, and an accompanying document which summarises the main points of the data.
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ENER23_Consumption_by_mode_Nov2011: Located in Data and maps › Maps and graphs › Energy consumption by transport mode in the EU-27
ENER023_consumption_by_mode.xls: Located in Data and maps › Maps and graphs › Energy consumption by transport mode in the EU-27
Energy consumption by transport mode in the EU-27: The figure shows the share of energy consumption by mode in total transport in EU-27
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Final energy consumption in the industry sectors: The figure shows the development of the final energy consumption in the different industry sectors.
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Energy efficiency and energy consumption in the transport sector (ENER 023) - Assessment published Sep 2010: In the EU-27 countries, energy efficiency in the transport sector increased by 15% between 1990 and 2008- at an annual average rate of 0.9% - due to increased efficiency particularly for passenger cars and airplanes. Over the same period, per capita energy consumption in transport in EU-27 countries increased by 26% - at an annual average rate of 1.3% - slower than GDP (2.1% annually). In 2008, the average per capita energy consumption in transport in EU-27 was 0.75 toe. In other EEA countries, the increase of per capita energy consumption in transport was either below the EU-27 average (e.g. Switzerland with 7% and Norway with 11%) or significantly above (e.g. Turkey with 36% and Iceland with 42%). Growth in passengers and freight traffic, together with an observed modal shift from public transport to road transport, contributed to increase the energy consumption in transport, offsetting the energy efficiency gains.
Located in Data and maps › Indicators › Energy efficiency and energy consumption in the transport sector
Use of freshwater resources (CSI 018) - Assessment published Dec 2010: Over the last 10-17 years the Water Exploitation Index (WEI) decreased in 24 EEA countries (Fig.1), as a result of water saving and water efficiency measures. Total water abstraction decreased about 12 %, but one fifth of Europe's population still lives in water-stressed countries (approx. 113 million inhabitants).
Located in Data and maps › Indicators › Use of freshwater resources
Energy efficiency and energy consumption in the transport sector (ENER 023) - Assessment published Sep 2011: In the EU-27 countries, energy efficiency in the transport sector increased by 15% between 1990 and 2008- at an annual average rate of 0.9% - due to increased efficiency particularly for passenger cars and airplanes. Over the same period, per capita energy consumption in transport in EU-27 countries increased by 26% - at an annual average rate of 1.3% - slower than GDP (2.1% annually). In 2008, the average per capita energy consumption in transport in EU-27 was 0.75 toe. In other EEA countries, the increase of per capita energy consumption in transport was either below the EU-27 average (e.g. Switzerland with 7% and Norway with 11%) or significantly above (e.g. Turkey with 36% and Iceland with 42%). Growth in passengers and freight traffic, together with an observed modal shift from public transport to road transport, contributed to increase the energy consumption in transport, offsetting the energy efficiency gains.
Located in Data and maps › Indicators › Energy efficiency and energy consumption in the transport sector
Transport final energy consumption by mode (TERM 001) - Assessment published Jan 2011: For the first time since 1990, annual transport energy consumption in the EEA member countries fell, by 0.8%. This reflects the downturn in demand for transport caused by the early stages of the economic recession. Specifically, in 2008 annual declines in road, inland shipping and bunkering (sea) energy consumption outweighed increases in rail and aviation transport consumption. However, the fall does not change the long term picture which shows an increase of 36% between 1990 and 2008. Road transport, responsible for 71 % of transport energy consumption, remains the largest consumer.
Located in Data and maps › Indicators › Transport final energy consumption by mode
Sulphur dioxide SO2 emissions (APE 001) - Assessment published Oct 2010: EEA-32 emissions of sulphur dioxide (SO2) have decreased by 74% between 1990 and 2008. In 2008, the most significant source of SO2 emissions was the 'Energy production and distribution' sector (69%), followed by emissions occurring from 'Energy use in industry' (14%) and in the 'Commercial, institutional and households' (9%) sector. The reduction in emissions since 1990 has been achieved as a result of a combination of measures, including fuel-switching in energy-related sectors away from high sulphur-containing solid and liquid fuels to low sulphur fuels such as natural gas, the fitting of flue gas desulphurisation abatement technology in industrial facilities and the impact of European Union directives relating to the sulphur content of certain liquid fuels. Twenty-three of the EU-27 Member States have already reduced their national SO2 emissions below the level of the 2010 emission ceilings set in the National Emission Ceilings Directive (NECD). The remaining Member States were close to meeting their ceilings under the NECD, except for Malta where emissions in 2008 were significantly higher than their NECD ceiling. Significant reductions will thus have been needed in 2009 and 2010 to ensure compliance. Emissions in 2008 for the three non-EU countries having emission ceilings set under the UNECE/CLRTAP Gothenburg protocol (Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland) were also below the level of the respective 2010 ceilings. Environmental context: Sulphur dioxide is emitted when fuels containing sulphur are combusted. It is a pollutant which contributes to acid deposition which in turn can lead to potential changes occurring in soil and water quality. The subsequent impacts of acid deposition can be significant, including adverse effects on aquatic ecosystems in rivers and lakes and damage to forests, crops and other vegetation. SO2 emissions also contribute to formation of particulate matter in the atmosphere, an important air pollutant in terms of its adverse impact on human health.
Located in Data and maps › Indicators › Sulphur dioxide SO2 emissions