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Benzene 2010 - Annual limit value for the protection of human health
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In the air quality directive (2008/EC/50), the EU has set a limit value for benzene (C6H6) for the protection of human health: the annual mean value may not exceed 5 micrograms per cubic metre (µg/m3). The limit value comes into effect for data measured from 1 January 2010. During 2009 a margin of tolerance was in place so the annual mean should not exceed 6 micrograms per cubic metre (µg/m3).
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Sulphur dioxide 2010 - Daily limit value for the protection of human health
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In the air quality directive (2008/EC/50) the EU has set two limit values for sulphur dioxide (SO2) for the protection of human health: the SO2 hourly mean value may not exceed 350 micrograms per cubic metre (µg/m3) more than 24 times in a year and the SO2 daily mean value may not exceed 125 micrograms per cubic metre (µg/m3) more than 3 times in a year.
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Carbon monoxide 2010 - 8 hour mean limit value for the protection of human health
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In the air quality directive (2008/EC/50), the EU has set a limit value for carbon monoxide (CO) for the protection of human health: the CO maximum daily 8-hour mean values may not exceed 10 milligrams per cubic metre (mg/m3).
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Lead 2010 - Annual limit value for the protection of human health
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In the air quality directive (2008/EC/50), the EU has set a limit value for lead (Pb) for the protection of human health: the Pb annual mean value may not exceed 0.5 milligrams per cubic metre (µg/m3) except in the immediate vicinity of specific, notified industrial sources where the Pb annual mean value may not exceed 1.0 milligram per cubic metre (µg/m3)
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Sulphur dioxide 2010 - Annual limit value for the protection of ecosystems
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In the air quality directive (2008/EC/50), the EU has set two limit values for sulphur dioxide (SO2) for the protection of vegetation within the zones designated by member states: the SO2 annual mean value may not exceed 20 micrograms per cubic metre (µg/m3) and the SO2 mean value for the winter period (1 October to 31 March) may not exceed 20 micrograms per cubic metre (µg/m3).
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Nitrogen dioxide 2010 - Annual limit values for the protection of human health
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In the air quality directive (2008/EC/50) the EU has set two limit values for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) for the protection of human health: the NO2 hourly mean value may not exceed 200 micrograms per cubic metre (µg/m3) more than 18 times in a year and the NO2 annual mean value may not exceed 40 micrograms per cubic metre (µg/m3). These limit values come into force for concentrations measured from 1.1.2010 so during 2009 a margin of tolerance equal to an annual mean value of 42 micrograms per cubic metre (μg/m3) is still in place.
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Annual mean NO2 concentration observed at urban background stations, 2001-2010 (EU-27)
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Only urban and sub-urban background monitoring stations have been included in the calculations. Data for Cyprus and Malta are not included due to missing availability of operational urban and sub-urban background monitoring stations in the Urban Audit cities.
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Traffic pollution still harmful to health in many parts of Europe
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Transport in Europe is responsible for damaging levels of air pollutants and a quarter of EU greenhouse gas emissions. Many of the resulting environmental problems can be addressed by stepping up efforts to meet new EU targets, according to the latest report from the European Environment Agency (EEA).
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Daily variation (in μg/m3) of PM10 concentrations in 2009
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The daily variation and exceedances of PM10 concentrations during 2009 at a monitoring station that is directly affected by the port in each of these five European port cities. The red line shows the daily limit value. This illustrates significant exceedances.
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Annual mean NO2 concentration observed at traffic stations, 2010 (left) and annual mean PM10 concentration observed at traffic stations, 2010 (right)
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Annual mean NO2 and PM10 concentration observed at traffic stations, 2010.
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