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Projected changes in annual and summer precipitation: Projected changes in annual (left) and summer (right) precipitation (%) between 1961-1990 and 2071-2100 as simulated by ENSEMBLES Regional Climate Models for the IPCC SRES A1B emission scenario.
Located in Data and maps › Maps and graphs
Relative change in EAD: Relative change in annual expected damage (EAD)
Located in Data and maps › Maps and graphs
Water management in Europe faces rising challenges as ecosystems weaken: Water pollution and excessive water use are still harming ecosystems, which are indispensable to Europe’s food, energy, and water supplies. To maintain water ecosystems, farming, planning, energy and transport sectors need to actively engage in managing water within sustainable limits.
Located in Press room › News
Forest growth (CLIM 034) - Assessment published Nov 2012: The area covered by forests and other wooded land in Europe (39 EEA countries) has increased for many decades. Forest biomass in the EEA region is also growing, and the average growth rate has increased from 1990 to 2010. In some central and western areas of Europe, forest growth has been reduced in the last 10 years due to storms, pests and diseases. Future climate change and increasing CO 2 concentrations are expected to affect site suitability, productivity, species composition and biodiversity, and thus have an impact on the goods and services that the forests provide. In general, forest growth is projected to increase in northern Europe and to decrease in southern Europe.
Located in Data and maps › Indicators › Forest growth
Impacts and consequences of climate change on forest growth and forest conditions: Table shows the impacts and consequences of climate change on forest growth and forest conditions.
Located in Data and maps › Maps and graphs
Air pollution by ozone and health (CLIM 006) - Assessment published Nov 2012: Ozone is both an important air pollutant and a GHG. Excessive exposure to ground-level ozone is estimated to cause about 20000 premature deaths per year in Europe. Attribution of observed ozone exceedances, or changes therein, to individual causes, such as climate change, is difficult. Future climate change is expected to increase ozone concentrations but this effect will most likely be outweighed by reduction in ozone levels due to expected future emission reductions.
Located in Data and maps › Indicators › Air pollution by ozone and health
Agrophenology (CLIM 031) - Assessment published Nov 2012: Flowering of several perennial crops has advanced by about two days per decade in recent decades. Changes in timing of crop phenology are affecting crop production and the relative performance of different crop species and varieties. The shortening of crop growth phases in many crops is expected to continue. The shortening of the grain filling phase of cereals and oilseed crops can be particularly detrimental to yield.
Located in Data and maps › Indicators › Agrophenology
Vector-borne diseases (CLIM 037) - Assessment published Nov 2012: The transmission cycles of vector-borne diseases are sensitive to climatic factors but also to land use, vector control, human behaviour and public health capacities. Climate change is regarded as the main factor behind the observed northward and upward move of the tick species Ixodes ricinus in parts of Europe. Climate change is projected to lead to further northward and upward shifts in the distribution of I. ricinus. It is also expected to affect the habitat suitability for a wide range of disease vectors, including Aedes albopictus and phlebotomine species of sandflies, in both directions.
Located in Data and maps › Indicators › Vector-borne diseases
Extreme temperatures and health (CLIM 036) - Assessment published Nov 2012: Mortality and morbidity increase, especially in vulnerable population groups, and general population well-being decreases during extreme cold spells and heat waves, as well as above and below local and seasonal comfort temperatures, with different temperature thresholds in Europe. The number of warm days and nights has increased across Europe in recent decades. Heat waves over the last decade have caused tens of thousands of premature deaths in Europe. Length, frequency and intensity of heat waves are very likely to increase in the future. This increase can lead to a substantial increase in mortality over the next decades, especially in vulnerable groups, unless adaptation measures are taken. Cold-related mortality is projected to decrease in Europe due to climate change as well as better social, economic and housing conditions in many countries.
Located in Data and maps › Indicators › Extreme temperatures and health
Floods and health (CLIM 046) - Assessment published Nov 2012: River and coastal flooding affect millions of people in Europe each year. They affect human health through drowning, heart attacks, injuries, infections, psychosocial consequences, and health effects of chemical hazards as well as disruption of services. Observed increases in heavy precipitation and extreme coastal high-water events have led to more river and coastal flooding in many European regions. Increases in health risks associated with river and coastal flooding are projected in many regions of Europe due to projected increases in extreme precipitation events and sea level.
Located in Data and maps › Indicators › Floods and health