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Fluorinated gases (F-gases) emissions in EU-27 for years 1990-2010 in Mt CO2 eq(GWP SAR): The figures shows the emissions of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and sulphur hexafluoride (SF6). Emissions are provided in Mt CO2 equivalent using the Global Warming Potential values of the 2nd IPCC Assessment report (SAR).
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Greenhouse gas emission trends and projections in Europe 2012 - Tracking progress towards Kyoto and 2020 targets: This report presents an overview of the progress achieved so far by the EU, its Member States and other EEA member countries towards their respective targets under the Kyoto Protocol and the EU burden-sharing agreement, as well as 2020 targets set at EU level. The assessment is based on greenhouse gas (GHG) emission data in Europe for the period 2008-2011, including recent EEA estimates of proxy 2011 GHG emissions.
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Key differences between equal income low GHG and high GHG emitting households in Switzerland: The figure is showing the variation in green house gas emissions of households with equal income along with variation in contributing factors. Households are grouped in deciles 1-10 (low – high emissions). The 10 % of households with highest GHG emissions (group 10) also has the highest car use, the highest share of single family housing, the most m2 of floor space per person and have the lowest use of green heating (district heating or renewables).
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Production, imports, exports and consumption of Fluorinated gases (F-gases) for years 2007-2011 in the EU-27 (Mt CO2 eq, GWP TAR): The figure shows the emissions of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) on Production, Imports, Exports and Consumption from 2007 to 2011. Emissions are provided in Mt CO2 equivalent using the Global Warming Potential values of the 3rd IPCC Assessment report (TAR).
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Production, sales and emissions of fluorinated greenhouse gases (F-gases) (CLIM 048) - Assessment published Apr 2013: Since 1990, EU-27 F-gas emissions have experienced significant growth, more than offsetting an intermittent decrease between 1997 and 2001. While PFCs and SF 6 emissions have been reduced to a significant degree, a major rise is observed for HFCs emissions which have tripled since 1990. In addition to domestic EU production and sales of F-gases, significant amounts of F-gases are also imported and exported. Imports generally increased over the period 2007–2011, while EU production has stabilised at levels that are around 20 % lower than those reported in 2007. When expressed in metric tonnes, data for the reporting year 2011 show a decrease in production (-5 %), import (-6 %) and intra-EU sales (-12 %) of F-gases compared to the previous year. Context: Fluorinated greenhouse gases (F-gases) covered by the UNFCCC’s Kyoto Protocol comprise hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and sulphur hexafluoride (SF 6 ). These F-gases typically have very long lifetimes in the atmosphere and high global warming potentials (GWPs). The gases are mostly produced for use in products and equipment in the refrigeration and air conditioning sector, foams, fire protection etc. Emissions take place mainly due to leakage during the use phase or due to failure to fully recover the F-gases at the end of the product/equipment lifetime. Future F-gas emissions are thus largely determined by (i) present day consumption of F-gases and (ii) measures to prevent leakage and encourage recovery..
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Reducing speed limits on motorways: how good is it for the environment?: Lower speed limits on motorways are generally associated with road safety. But several European countries are now debating whether they also benefit the environment and, if so, how much. There is no simple way of measuring the environmental benefits of lower speed limits but several factors clearly play a key role.
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Tackling climate change requires a shift to a resource efficient, low carbon and green economy: Climate change is happening. The current global average temperature is already about 0.7-0.8 degree Celsius above the pre-industrial level. Even if greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations had stabilized in the year 2000, temperatures are predicted to increase by 1.2 degrees Celsius above the pre-industrial level by the end of the 21st century.
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The electric car — a green transport revolution in the making?: The electric car finally seems to be on the verge of breaking through, offering significant environmental benefits, especially in urban areas. Innovative business models are on the way which should boost consumer acceptance and overcome the remaining barriers, such as high battery costs, green electricity supply and charging infrastructure.
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