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State and trend of fire danger
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Fire danger is expressed by the Seasonal Severity Rating (SSR). Daily severity values can be averaged over the fire season using the SSR index, which allows objective comparison of fire danger from year to year and from region to region. The coarse scale of the map does not allow accounting for specific conditions of given sites, as for example in the Alpine region, where the complex topography may strongly affect local fire danger.
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Maps and graphs
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Projected distribution of economic costs from climate change and socio-economic developments by impact type and European region
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Projected distribution of economic costs from climate change and socio-economic developments by impact type and European region. EU-27 only; A1B scenario, 2070–2100, combined effects of climate change and socio-economic change
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Maps and graphs
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AGRI_F03: Gross nutrient balance - outlook from EEA (Outlook 020) - Assessment published Jun 2007
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Nutrient surpluses are expected to be moderately reduced in 2020. Best practices for fertilizer handling could significantly reduce the environmental pressures which are associated with nutrient balances.
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AGRI_F03: Gross nutrient balance - outlook from EEA
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APE_F04: Emissions of ozone precursors - outlook from WBCSD (Outlook 006) - Assessment published Jun 2009
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In developed countries efforts have been underway for decades to reduce ozone precursors (NOx, CO). There is a progress in reducing total NOx and CO emissions. Emissions per vehicle kilometer for light-duty vehicles have been substantially reduced. But growth in transport activity and problems in controlling in-use emissions have tended to offset some of the hoped-for improvements. The situation regarding ozone precursors in the transition countries (Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia and South Eastern Europe), especially in rapidly-growing urbanized areas, is somewhat different. Although NOx and CO emissions is expected to be reduced it will not happen as easily or as quickly as desired.
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APE_F04: Emissions of ozone precursors - outlook from WBCSD
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CC_F03: GHG emissions - outlook from IIASA (Outlook 031) - Assessment published Jun 2007
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The RAINS* model provides information about the projections for the methane emissions. For the "current legislation" scenario a continued increase of global anthropogenic CH4 emissions is expected, leading to 35 percent increase in 2030 as compared to 2000. CH4 emissions from all sectors are expected to grow due to increased economic activities and absence of wide-spread emission control measures. In Western Europe and Newly Independent states overall CH4 emissions will only slightly increase. If all maximum technically feasible reductions (MFR scenario) were applied to the full extent, global CH4 emissions would stabilize up to 2030, though at considerable costs. Under the MFR scenario CH4 emissions in Western Europe and Newly Independent states would be able to decrease on 31% and 16% relatively.
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CC_F03: GHG emissions - outlook from IIASA
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Change in species diversity as a result of climate change - outlook from EEA (Outlook 004) - Assessment published Jun 2007
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Significant changes in the distribution of plant species in Europe are expected by 2100 due to increase of global temperature by about 3.10C. Such temperature increase going to be well above the long-term sustainable objective set in the 6th EAP. The Southwestern part and the most Eastern part (Russia) of Europe may suffer the highest changes in biodiversity; the loss of species might exceed 50 % by 2050. By 2100 most European Member States are expected to lose more than 50 species compared with the 1995 situation.
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Change in species diversity as a result of climate change - outlook from EEA
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Emissions of primary particulates - outlook from WBCSD (Outlook 024) - Assessment published Jun 2007
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In OECD-Europe countries efforts have been underway for decades to reduce particulates (PM-10). Progress in reducing total PM-10 has been slower. Emissions per vehicle kilometer for light-duty vehicles have been substantially reduced. But growth in transport activity and problems in controlling in-use emissions have tended to offset some of the hoped-for improvements. The situation regarding primary particulates in the countries of Eastern Europe, Caucasus, Central Asia and South Eastern Europe, especially in rapidly-growing urbanized areas, is somewhat different. PM is expected not to be reduced as easily or as quickly. It is expected that total PM emissions will increase certainly for the next few decades and perhaps longer, before eventually declining.
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Emissions of primary particulates - outlook from WBCSD
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Final energy consumption - outlook from IEA (Outlook 011) - Assessment published Jun 2009
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If current technological trends continue and government policies that have been adopted are implemented*, world average total (TEC) and final (FEC) energy consumption per capita will increase by about 27.5 % between 2004 and 2030. The major part of this increase will come from China, India and the transition countries, which include Russia and other EECCA countries, SEE and some EU-10 countries. In contrast to OECD Europe and North America, total energy consumption per capita is growing faster than final energy consumption per capita in Russia, India and China, reflecting the use of less efficient technologies, mostly for power generation.
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Final energy consumption - outlook from IEA
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Final energy consumption - outlook from IEA (Outlook 011) - Assessment published Jun 2007
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Aggregate global demand in final-use sectors is projected to grow by 1.4% per year from 2006 to 2030 - slightly slower than primary energy demand. The fastest growth is projected in non-OECD countries, while OECD Europe's growth in final energy consumption is expected to be the lowest pace. Industry demand increases everywhere, but fastest in the Middle East, India and China. The rate of growth in global transport energy demand slows considerably over the Outlook period. In 2030, disparities in per capita energy consumption among regions are projected to remain stark. Russia and OECD countries are expected continue having significantly higher levels of final energy consumption per capita than in other world regions.
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Final energy consumption - outlook from IEA
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Freight transport demand - outlook from OECD (Outlook 037) - Assessment published Jun 2007
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The OECD Environmental Outlook does not provide the direct answer to these policy questions but provides an indications on the developments in the transport sector globally. The rapid increase in transportation activity seen in recent decades is expected to continue to 2030.
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Freight transport demand - outlook from OECD
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