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Percentage of urban population resident in areas for days per year with SO2 concentration exceeding daily limit value, 2001-2010 (EU-27): The limit value is 125 µg SO2/m3 as a daily average, not to be exceeded more than three days in a year and to be met by 2005. Over the years 1997-2009 the total population for which exposure estimates are made, increased from 85 to 100 million people due to an increasing number of monitoring stations reporting under the Exchange of Information Decision. Year-to-year variations in exposure classes are partly caused by the changes in spatial coverage. Only urban and sub-urban background monitoring stations have been included in the calculations. Data for Cyprus, Denmark, Finland and Malta, are not included due to missing availability of operational urban and sub-urban background monitoring stations in the Urban Audit cities.
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Agricultural area (in 1 000 km²) in EEA member countries for each exposure class: A data summary of agricultural area (in 1000 km2) for EEA countries for each exposure class is given in the table below. The total agricultural area in the EEA-32 member countries excluding Iceland, Norway, Switzerland and Turkey amounts to be 2.024 million km2; since 2007 Iceland and Norway are included in the analysis increasing the total agricultural area to 2042 million km2. Since 2008 data for Switzerland is available
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Overall change in energy related emissions of SO2, NOx and NH3 by country, 2005-2009: Emissions of NH3 have been omitted from the graph. Total emissions of NH3 have significantly increased but only contribute a very small amount to energy related emissions.
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The European Pollutant Release and Transfer Register (E-PRTR), Member States reporting under Article 7 of Regulation (EC) No 166/2006: The European Pollutant Release and Transfer Register (E-PRTR) is a web-based register established by Regulation (EC) No 166/2006 which implements the UNECE PRTR Protocol, signed in May 2003 in Kiev.
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Percentage of ecosystem area at risk of eutrophication for EEA Member Countries and EEA Cooperating Countries in 2010 for a current legislation (CLE) scenario: The results were computed using the 2008 Critical Loads database. Deposition data was made available by the LRTAP Convention EMEP Centre for Integrated Assessment Modelling (CIAM) at the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) in autumn 2007.
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Exceedance of critical loads for acidification by deposition of nitrogen and sulphur compounds in 2020 under Current Legislation to reduce national emissions: The results were computed using the 2008 Critical Loads database hosted by the Coordination Centre for Effects (CCE).
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Percentage of population resident in urban areas potentially exposed to O3 concentration levels over the long-term objective for protection of human health, EEA member countries, 1997-2007: The target value is 120 µg O3/m3 as daily maximum of 8 hour mean, not to be exceeded more than 25 days per calendar year, averaged over three years. Over the years 1997-2006 the total population for which exposure estimates are made, increases from 48 to 112 million people due to an increasing number of monitoring stations reporting under the Exchange of Information Decision.
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26th highest maximum daily 8-hour mean ozone concentration observed at urban background stations, EEA member countries, 1997-2007: Only urban and sub-urban background monitoring stations have been included in the calculations.
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AirBase - Exchange of information: Location of stations for which 2009 air quality data for components O3, PM10, NO2, SO2, C6H6, PM2.5, Pb, CO have been reported. Observed concentration maps for which 2009 air quality data for components O3, PM10, NO2, SO2, C6H6, PM2.5, CO, BaP have been reported.
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Sahara dust, sea spray and fires contribute to bad air quality: Human activities are the main cause of poor air quality, but natural sources of air pollution also play a role. A new report from the European Environment Agency (EEA) considers how particulate matter from these natural sources affects the air we breathe.
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