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Oxygen consuming substances in rivers (CSI 019) - Assessment DRAFT created Apr 2012
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Concentrations of BOD and total ammonium have decreased in European rivers in the period 1992 to 2009 (Fig. 1), mainly due to general improvement in wastewater treatment.
See also WISE interactive maps:
Mean annual BOD in rivers and Mean annual Total Ammonium in rivers
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Data and maps
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Indicators
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Oxygen consuming substances in rivers
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Europe needs to use water more efficiently
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Europe needs to redouble efforts in using water more efficiently to avoid undermining its economy, according to a new report from the European Environment Agency (EEA). Inefficient water use impacts hard on the resources needed by ecosystems and people, both vital assets for European productivity and security.
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News
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Nutrients in freshwater (CSI 020) - Assessment DRAFT created Apr 2012
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• Average nitrate concentrations in European groundwaters increased from 1992 to 1998, but have declined again since 2004.
• The average nitrate concentration in European rivers decreased by approximately 13% between 1992 and 2009 (from 2.5 to 2.1 mg/l N), reflecting the effect of measures to reduce agricultural inputs of nitrate.
• Average orthophosphate concentrations in European rivers have decreased markedly over the last two decades, being halved between 1992 and 2009 (52% decrease). Also average lake phosphorus concentration decreased over the period 1992-2009 (by 22%), the major part of the decrease occurring in the first half of the period. The decrease in phosphorus concentrations reflects both improvement in wastewater treatment and reduction in phosphorus in detergents.
• Overall, reductions in the levels of freshwater nutrients over the last two decades primarily reflect improvements in wastewater treatment. Emissions from agriculture continue to be a significant source.
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Nutrients in freshwater
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Hazardous substances in Europe’s fresh and marine waters – an overview
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Hazardous substances in fresh and marine water can harm aquatic life and pose a risk to human health, according to a new report published today by the European Environment Agency (EEA). The report notes that while European legislation to address the issue is relatively strong, new challenges exist including ‘emerging pollutants’ where potential effects are not yet fully understood. More effort is also needed to ensure that chemicals are produced and used more sustainably.
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Ecoregions for rivers and lakes
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Maps and graphs
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BOD5 concentrations in rivers between 1992 and 2010 draining to different sea regions of Europe
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The sea region data series are calculated as the average of annual mean data from river monitoring stations in each sea region. The data thus represents rivers or river basins draining into that particular sea. Only complete series after inter/extrapolation are included (see indicator specification). The number of river monitoring stations included per sea region is given in parentheses. There were no stations with consistent data series on BOD7 in rivers draining to the Arctic Ocean. BOD7 data has been recalculated into BOD5 data.
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Maps and graphs
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Inland bathing water quality in the European Union, 1990-2010
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The figure shows the bathing water quality in different European countries over time
1990, 7 EU Member States; 1991 to 1994, 12 EU Member States; 1995-96, 14 EU Member States; 1997 to 2003, 15 EU Member States; 2004, 21 EU Member States; 2005-06, 25 EU Member States; 2007 to 2010, 27 EU Member States. No inland bathing waters are reported from three Member States (Cyprus, Malta and Romania). The quality classes under the New Bathing Water Directive (2006/7/EC) for Hungary and Luxembourg are jointed with compliance categories under the Bathing Water Directive (76/160/EEC)
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Maps and graphs
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Looking beneath the surface: how good is our water?
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Water is critical for life and is integral to virtually all economic activities, including food production and industry. Not only is clean water a prerequisite for human health and well-being, it provides aquatic habitats that support healthy freshwater ecosystems.
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Articles
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Freshwater - Why care? (Montenegro)
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SOER Common environmental theme from Montenegro
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The European environment – state and outlook 2010
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Country assessments
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Montenegro
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Freshwater - State and impacts ()
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SOER Common environmental theme from Montenegro
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The European environment – state and outlook 2010
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Country assessments
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Montenegro