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Bathing water quality (CSI 022) - Assessment published Oct 2012
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The quality of water at designated bathing waters in Europe (coastal and inland) has improved significantly since 1990.
Compliance with mandatory values in EU coastal bathing waters increased from just below 80 % in 1990 to 93.1 % in 2011. Compliance with guide values likewise rose from over 68 % to 80.1 % in 2011.
Compliance with mandatory values in EU inland bathing waters increased from over 52 % in 1990 to 89.9 % in 2011. Similarly, the rate of compliance with guide values moved from over 36 % in 1990 to 70.4 % in 2011.
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Bathing water quality
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Oxygen consuming substances in rivers (CSI 019) - Assessment published Oct 2012
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Concentrations of BOD and total ammonium have decreased in European rivers in the period 1992 to 2010 (Fig. 1), mainly due to general improvement in wastewater treatment.
See also WISE interactive maps: Mean annual BOD in rivers and Mean annual Total Ammonium in rivers
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Oxygen consuming substances in rivers
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Nutrients in freshwater (CSI 020) - Assessment published Oct 2012
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Average nitrate concentrations in European groundwaters increased from 1992 to 1998, but have declined again since 2004.
The average nitrate concentration in European rivers decreased by approximately 11% between 1992 and 2010 (from 2.5 to 2.2 mg/l N), reflecting the effect of measures to reduce agricultural inputs of nitrate as well as improvement in wastewater treatment.
Average orthophosphate concentrations in European rivers have decreased markedly over the last two decades, being more than halved between 1992 and 2010 (54% decrease). Also average lake phosphorus concentration decreased over the period 1992-2010 (by 31%), the major part of the decrease occurring in the beginning of the period, but is still ongoing. The decrease in phosphorus concentrations reflects both improvement in wastewater treatment and reduction in phosphorus in detergents.
Overall, reductions in the levels of freshwater nutrients over the last two decades primarily reflect improvements in wastewater treatment. Emissions from agriculture continue to be a significant source.
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Nutrients in freshwater
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Share of imports in EU-27 consumption of selected materials
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This figure shows 1999 to 2010 shares of imports of oil, hard coal and natural gas of direct material input (DMI) of the EU27
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Developments in fuel efficiency of an average car alongside trends in private car ownership and GHG emissions
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Time series of the indexed values of GDP, stocks of cars in the EU27, total CO2 emissions of cars, total car kilometres travelled, total fuel consumption of private cars and average specific fuel consumption of cars.
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Average annual growth rates for passenger transport, EU-27, 1995-2008
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The Figure is showing average annual growth rates of different means of transport within the EU-27 in the period between 1995-2008. (Actual yearly growth rates are of course differing from the averages used in the figure) The values for Air and Sea travel only include domestic and Intra-EU-27 transport. Most numbers are based on estimates and data for Air and Sea are provisional estimates.
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Water pricing and household water use in Spain and Estonia
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(left) The graph shows the development of average prices for drinking water supply and water consumption of households in Spain.
(right) The graph shows the development of average prices for water supply for human consumption in Estonia.
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Trends in appliance energy efficiency and ownership in households, EU-27
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A time series of the available stock of three household appliances in EU27 compared to the specific energy consumption of those appliances and the total electricity consumption of households
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Trends in heating energy consumption and energy efficiency of housing, EU-27
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Time series of the growth in floor area of housing in EU27 coupled with the energy demands for space heating per dwelling, per m2 and total.
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Households' final energy consumption per capita in EEA member countries, 2005 and 2010
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The graph shows the average per capita final energy consumption of households in 2005 and 2010, divided into electricity consumption and other energy types
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