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Evolution of CO2 emissions from new passenger cars by fuel type
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Graph showing progression of average emissions for new cars versus 2015 and 2020 targets
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Total Gross Inland Consumption by Fuel (CSI 029/ENER 026) - Assessment DRAFT created Dec 2012
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In 2010, in the EU-27, gross inland consumption increased by 3.3 % due to the mild economic recovery. This represents 5.6 % above the level in 1990 but 3.6 % below the level in 2005. In the EEA, gross inland consumption increased by 3.6 % in 2010 which is 9.2 % above the level in 1990 and 1.9 % below the level in 2005. In the non-EU EEA countries gross inland consumption increased by 69.4 % between 1990 and 2010.The main reason behind the difference in the trend for this group of countries is as a result of the large increase in gross inland consumption observed in Turkey and to a certain extent in Norway.
Fossil fuels continue to dominate total gross energy consumption in EU-27, but their share is declining: from 83.1 % in 1990 to 76.4 % in 2010. The share of renewable energy sources more than doubled over the period, from 4.3 % in 1990 to 9.8 % in 2010, increasing at an annual rate of 4.5%/year. The annual growth during 2005-2010 has been much quicker at 8.2 %/year. The share of nuclear energy in total gross inland consumption increased slightly, to 13.5% in 2010 from 12.3 % in 1990.
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Total Gross Inland Consumption by Fuel
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Final energy consumption by sector (CSI 027/ENER 016) - Assessment published Feb 2013
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Between 1990 and 2010, the final energy consumption in the EU-27 increased by 7.1% (10.2% in EEA countries) at an annual average rate of 0.3% (0.5% for EEA countries).The final energy consumption in EU-27 decreased by 3.2% between 2005 and 2010 (2.1% in EEA countries). The services sector was the sector with the fastest growing energy consumption (41.4% over the period 1990-2010 and 12.2% over the period 2005-2010). Final energy consumption in the transport sector in 2010 was 29.8% higher than 1990 levels but the sector registered a 0.5 % fall in energy consumption between 2009 and 2010 despite signs of mild economic recovery. Over the same period (1990-2010), household final energy consumption increased by 12.4% while final consumption in industry fell by 20.5%. Overall, in the last year, final energy consumption in EU-27 increased, but still remained below the level in 2006 (the year where energy consumption peaked in Europe). On average, one person in the EEA countries used 2.2 tonnes of oil equivalent to meet their energy needs in 2010.
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Final energy consumption by sector
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Transport final energy consumption by mode (TERM 001) - Assessment published Jan 2013
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Between 1990 and 2007, annual transport energy consumption in the EU-27 showed continual growth. However, this trend reversed in 2008 as the effects of the economic recession brought about three years of negative growth. Between 2007 and 2009, total energy demand in the transport sector declined by 4.2%. The most recent published data for 2010 indicates a bottoming out of this recent decline with a drop in energy demand between 2009 and 2010 of just 0.3%. Preliminary estimates for 2011 hint on a return to growth in transport energy demand with a minor increase of 0.1% over 2011.
Outside the EU‑27, over the last decade Switzerland's growth in road transport energy use has been below the EU‑27 average, while its rail energy use has increased compared to an average reduction across the EU‑27. By contrast, Norway and particularly Turkey have seen road transport energy use grow faster than the EU‑27 while Turkey's rail energy use has fallen substantially more than in EU‑27 Member States.
The shipping sector saw the greatest decline in energy consumption during the recession; bunkers dropped by 10 % in 2009 compared to 2007, reflecting weak consumer demand. However, this was also the first transport sector to see a return to growth; over 1% between 2009 and 2010. Combined energy use for aviation, rail and shipping has reduced by 5.2 % between 2007 and 2011. The greatest reduction was for domestic navigation (10.2 %), followed by aviation (5.7 %) and rail (5.3 %). Road transport represents the largest energy consumer, accounting for 72 % of total demand in 2011. It has also been the least affected by the economic downturn, falling by only 3.9 % between 2007 and 2011.
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Transport final energy consumption by mode
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Average annual growth rates for different fuels in the EU-27
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Average annual growth rates for different fuels in the EU-27
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Total final energy consumption by sector in the EU-27, 1990-2010
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Consists of 5 figures that show the total final energy consumption, final energy consumption of petroleum products, final energy consumption of electricity, final energy consumption of natural gas and final energy consumption of solid fuel, all by sector in the EU-27.
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Average annual growth rates for different fuels in the EU-27
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Average annual growth rates for different fuels in the EU-27
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Proportion of vehicle stock by alternative fuel type (selected EEA‑32 member countries)
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Graphs showing percentages of car and bus stocks using alternative fuels by five different alternative fuels
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% share of renewable energy in fuel consumption of transport by EU‑27 Member State
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Nominal and real fuel prices (EU-27) (EUR/litre)
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Nominal and real fuel prices in the EU. The output provides the weighted average fuel prices - nominal and real
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