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Emissions intensity of carbon dioxide from public conventional thermal power production
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Emissions intensity of carbon dioxide from public conventional thermal power production
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Estimated impact of different factors on the reduction in emissions of CO2 from public electricity and heat production between 1990 and 2008, EEA-32
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The chart shows the estimated contributions of the various factors that have affected emissions from public electricity and heat production (including public thermal power stations, nuclear power stations, hydro power plants and wind plants).
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Estimated impact of different factors on the reduction in emissions of NOx from public electricity and heat production between 1990 and 2008, EEA-32
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The chart shows the estimated contributions of the various factors that have affected emissions from public electricity and heat production (including public thermal power stations, nuclear power stations, hydro power plants and wind plants).
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Energy losses and energy availability for end users in 2008 (% of primary energy consumption)
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How to read the figure: % Share of 101300 (consumption – energy sector), 101400 (distribution losses), 101500 (energy available for final consumption), Transformation losses (101000 Transformation input minus 101100 Transformation output) within the sum of the above four elements for each Member State
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Trends in total energy intensity, gross domestic product and total energy consumption, EU-27
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Total energy consumption in the EU-27 grew at an average annual rate of 0.4 % over the period from 1990 to 2008, while Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in constant prices grew at an average annual rate of 2.1 % during the same period. As a result, total energy intensity in the EU-27 fell at an average rate of 1.6 % per year.
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Total energy intensity 1995-2008 (index 1995=100), relative energy intensity (as PPS) and per capita consumption
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There are significant differences in total energy intensity within the EU-27 Member States, with the highest values in Bulgaria, Estonia and Finland – due to the presence of large energy intensive industries like steel and cement industries and the lowest in Ireland, Italy, Portugal and Malta (when compared at Purchasing Power Standards) - partly explained by a relatively large services sector and small industry sector.
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Final electricity consumption by sector, EU-27
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Final electricity consumption by sector, EU-27. Influenced by the liberalisation of the power market, electricity prices decreased during the 1990s but they have started to rise again in the last few years
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Average annual percentage change in final electricity consumption, EU-27 1990-2008
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Most countries in the EU-27 experienced an overall increase in electricity consumption over the period from 1990 to 2008, except for Lithuania, Latvia, Romania and Bulgaria. During this period, the average annual growth rate of electricity consumption varied greatly by country, ranging from less than 1 % per year in Denmark, Germany, Norway, Sweden, Hungary, Slovakia and Estonia to over 4 % in Malta, Portugal, Spain, Ireland, Iceland, Cyprus and Turkey. The decrease or low growth in electricity consumption in the new Member States was a combined result of economic restructuring in the 1990s and a decrease or low growth of the total population in those countries
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Efficiency of conventional thermal electricity and heat production
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The average energy efficiency of conventional thermal electricity and heat production in the EU-27 improved over the period 1990-2008 by 6.3% to reach 49.8 %in 2008 (48.5 % excluding district heating). Output from conventional thermal power stations consists of gross electricity generation and also of any heat sold to third parties (combined heat and power plants) by conventional thermal public utility power stations as well as autoproducer thermal power stations.
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CO2 emissions per m2 for space heating
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The graph compares by country the level of CO2 emissions for space heating per m2 for 2 years : 1990 and 2008 (direct and indirect emissions).
1990 and 2008 data are climate corrected against each country’s long-term average climate, whereas the last series is climate corrected and scaled against the EU long-term average climate to account for temperature differences between countries.
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