The Environmental Atlas

Energy-related emissions of ozone precursors (ENER 005) - Assessment published Apr 2012: Energy-related emissions accounted for 87% of all Carbon Monoxide (CO) emissions, 43% of all Non-Methane Volatile Organic Compounds (NMVOC) emissions, 96% of all Nitrogen Oxide (NO x ) emissions and 4.7% of all Methane (CH 4 ) emissions from the EEA-32 in 2009. Since 1990(2005), these emissions have declined by 58(13)%, 63(13)%, 37(13)% and 22(+8)% in EEA member countries. The largest reduction in emissions occurred in the road transport sector, largely as a result of the continued introduction of catalytic converters in new vehicles during this period and more stringent regulations on emissions.
Located in Data and maps › Indicators › Energy-related emissions of ozone precursors
Energy-related emissions of acidifying substances (ENER 006) - Assessment published Apr 2012: Energy-related emissions account for only 2% of NH 3 emissions but 96% of NO x and 94% of SO 2 emissions in the EEA-32 in 2009. They fell by 17%, 13% and 21% respectively between 2005 and 2009 in EEA-32 countries. Since 1990, these energy related emissions declined by 40% and 78% for NO x and SO 2 respectively but increased by 88% for NH 3 in the EU-27 and declined by 37% (NO x ) and 74% (SO 2 ) and increased by 92% (NH 3 ) in EEA-32 member countries. However as noted earlier the percentage of energy related NH 3 emissions are insignificant compare do the non-energy related NH 3 emissions. Most of the total reduction in pollutants contributing to acid deposition since 1990 is accounted for by lower SO 2 emissions from the energy-producing sector and lower NO x emissions from the transport sector. The EU-27 is broadly on track to meet its overall targets set under the NEC Directive (NECD) [1] , however further reductions are needed to improve remaining local and transboundary air pollution issues, and for ensuring that individual countries meet emissions ceiling targets under the NECD and the UNECE Gothenburg Protocol. [1] See Pollutant Specific Factsheet NOx
Located in Data and maps › Indicators › Energy-related emissions of acidifying substances
CO2 emissions per dwelling, climate corrected (EU-27): CO2 emissions per dwelling: direct and indirect emissions
Located in Data and maps › Maps and graphs
CO2 emissions performance of car manufacturers in 2011: Starting from 2012, a specific binding CO2 target is calculated for each manufacturer every year based on the average mass of its fleet. For evaluating the progress of manufacturers towards their targets, the EEA is collecting and quality checking data on CO2 emissions from passenger cars registered in all Member States of the European Union since 2010. Using the Member State data, this note provides an overview of the performance of cars manufacturers in meeting their CO2 emissions targets.
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Energy efficiency and energy consumption in the transport sector (ENER 023) - Assessment published Sep 2010: In the EU-27 countries, energy efficiency in the transport sector increased by 15% between 1990 and 2008- at an annual average rate of 0.9% - due to increased efficiency particularly for passenger cars and airplanes. Over the same period, per capita energy consumption in transport in EU-27 countries increased by 26% - at an annual average rate of 1.3% - slower than GDP (2.1% annually). In 2008, the average per capita energy consumption in transport in EU-27 was 0.75 toe. In other EEA countries, the increase of per capita energy consumption in transport was either below the EU-27 average (e.g. Switzerland with 7% and Norway with 11%) or significantly above (e.g. Turkey with 36% and Iceland with 42%). Growth in passengers and freight traffic, together with an observed modal shift from public transport to road transport, contributed to increase the energy consumption in transport, offsetting the energy efficiency gains.
Located in Data and maps › Indicators › Energy efficiency and energy consumption in the transport sector
Energy efficiency and energy consumption in the transport sector (ENER 023) - Assessment published Sep 2011: In the EU-27 countries, energy efficiency in the transport sector increased by 15% between 1990 and 2008- at an annual average rate of 0.9% - due to increased efficiency particularly for passenger cars and airplanes. Over the same period, per capita energy consumption in transport in EU-27 countries increased by 26% - at an annual average rate of 1.3% - slower than GDP (2.1% annually). In 2008, the average per capita energy consumption in transport in EU-27 was 0.75 toe. In other EEA countries, the increase of per capita energy consumption in transport was either below the EU-27 average (e.g. Switzerland with 7% and Norway with 11%) or significantly above (e.g. Turkey with 36% and Iceland with 42%). Growth in passengers and freight traffic, together with an observed modal shift from public transport to road transport, contributed to increase the energy consumption in transport, offsetting the energy efficiency gains.
Located in Data and maps › Indicators › Energy efficiency and energy consumption in the transport sector
Energy efficiency and energy consumption in the household sector (ENER 022) - Assessment published Aug 2011: Over the period 1990-2008, energy efficiency in the household sector increased by 19% in EU-27 countries, or 1.1%/year, driven by the diffusion of more efficient buildings, space heating technologies and electrical appliances. Over the same period, the final energy consumption of households increased by about 13%, at an annual average rate of 0.7%. Electricity consumption grew much faster at an annual growth rate of 1.9%. Per capita household energy consumption in EU-27 and EEA countries only slightly increased over the period (0.4%/year). Since the year 2005 however, energy consumption per capita in the household sector decreased in almost all countries. The energy consumption of households is influenced mainly by two opposite drivers. Efficiency improvements in space heating and large electrical appliances reduces the consumption while increasing size of dwellings and increased use of electrical appliances and central heating contribute to increase the consumption and offset part of the energy efficiency benefits. CO2 emissions per dwelling were 24% below their 1990 level in 2008, mainly because of CO2 savings resulting from switches to fuel with a lower CO2 content.
Located in Data and maps › Indicators › Energy efficiency and energy consumption in the household sector
Emission intensity of public conventional thermal power electricity and heat production (ENER 008) - Assessment published Jan 2011: The emissions and emissions intensity of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), sulphur dioxide (SO 2 ) and nitrogen oxides (NO x ) from public conventional thermal power plants has decreased substantially since 1990, particularly in the case of SO 2 and NO x . This is primarily due to a decline in the use of coal, and replacement of old, inefficient coal plant as well as the use of abatement techniques. However, since 2000 a rise in the coal-fired electricity production has slowed the decline in emissions intensity. Rising overall electricity consumption has also acted to partly offset the environmental benefits from improvements in emissions intensity.
Located in Data and maps › Indicators › Emission intensity of public conventional thermal power electricity and heat production
Emissions from public electricity and heat production - explanatory indicators (ENER 009) (ENER 009) - Assessment published Jan 2011: Between 1990 and 2007, EEA32 emissions of sulphur dioxide (SO 2 ) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) from public electricity and heat production fell despite a 32% increase in the amount of electricity and heat produced. Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions increased by 0.8% from the 1990 baseline, as a result of fuel switching and efficiency improvements. SO 2 emissions fell by 62%, due mainly to abatement techniques, use of low-sulphur fuels, and fossil fuel switching. NOx emissions fell by 39%, primarily due to abatement techniques. Some emissions have risen in recent years due to increased utilisation of existing coal plant with higher emissions per unit of output.
Located in Data and maps › Indicators › Emissions from public electricity and heat production - explanatory indicators (ENER 009)
Net Energy Import Dependency (ENER 012) - Assessment published Sep 2010: The EU’s dependence on imports of fossil fuels from non-EU countries has increased in recent years. Total net imports (imports minus exports) of natural gas, solid fuels and oil (including petroleum products) as a share of primary energy consumption rose from 47.8 % in 2000 to 54.5% in 2007. The increased use of gas, primarily replacing domestic coal, has had a positive environmental benefit within the EU (for example via reduced emissions of greenhouse gas and air pollutant emissions), but has also increased some risks associated with security of energy supply.
Located in Data and maps › Indicators › Net Energy Import Dependency