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Exceedance of air quality limit values in urban areas (CSI 004) - Assessment published Dec 2009
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Particulate Matter (PM 10 ) In the period 1997-2007, 20-50 % of the urban population was potentially exposed to ambient air concentrations of particulate matter (PM 10 ) in excess of the EU limit value set for the protection of human health (50 microgram /m 3 daily mean not be exceeded more than 35 days a calendar year). There was no discernible trend over the period (Figure 1). Nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) In the period 1997-2007, 13-41 % of the urban population was potentially exposed to ambient air nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) concentrations above the EU limit value set for the protection of human health (40 microgram NO 2 /m 3 annual mean). There was a slight downwards trend over the period (Figure 1). Ozone (O 3 ) In the period 1997-2007, 14-62 % of the urban population in Europe was exposed to ambient ozone concentrations exceeding the EU target value set for the protection of human health (120 microgram O 3 /m 3 daily maximum 8-hourly average, not to be exceeded more than 25 times a calendar year by 2010). The 62 % of the urban population exposed to ambient ozone concentrations over the EU target value was recorded in 2003, which was the record year. There was no discernible trend over the period (Figure 1). Sulphur dioxide (SO 2 ) In the period 1997-2007, the fraction of the urban population in EEA-32 member countries that is potentially exposed to ambient air concentrations of sulphur dioxide in excess of the EU limit value set for the protection of human health (125 microgram SO 2 /m 3 daily mean not to be exceeded more than three days a year), decreased to less than 1%, and as such the EU limit value set is close to being met everywhere in the urban background (Figure 1).
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Exceedance of air quality limit values in urban areas
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Perceived and reported air pollution
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Percieved and reported air pollution
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Percentage of the urban population in EEA member countries (except Turkey) exposed to air pollution above the limit and target values
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Limit values are: PM10– 50 µg/m3 24-hour average not to be exceeded for more than 35 days; NO2 – 40 µg/m3 annual average; SO2 – 125 µg/m3 24-hour average not to be exceeded for more than four days; O3 – 120 µg/m3 8-hour daily maximum not to be exceeded for more than 25 days averaged over three years.
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Percentage of natural ecosystem area at risk of acidification (left) and of eutrophication for the 32 EEA member countries and EEA cooperating countries in 2000 and for two emission scenarios: current legislation (CLE) in 2010 and 2020, maximum feasible r
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Hettelingh J-P, Posch M, Slootweg J (eds.) (2008) Critical load, dynamic modelling and impact assessment in Europa: CCE Status Report 2008, Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency.
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Agricultural area (in 1 000 km2) in EEA member countries for each exposure class
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Iceland, Switzerland and Turkey have not been included in the analysis either because no ozone data from rural stations or no detailed land cover data is available.
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Exceedance of critical loads for eutrophication due to the deposition of nutrient nitrogen in 2020 assuming a maximum feasible reductions scenario
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The results were computed using the 2008 Critical Loads database hosted by the Coordination Centre for Effects (CCE).
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Exceedance of critical loads for acidification by deposition of nitrogen and sulphur compounds in 2020 under Current Legislation to reduce national emissions
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The results were computed using the 2008 Critical Loads database hosted by the Coordination Centre for Effects (CCE).
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Percentage of ecosystem area at risk of eutrophication for EEA Member Countries and EEA Cooperating Countries in 2010 for a current legislation (CLE) scenario
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The results were computed using the 2008 Critical Loads database. Deposition data was made available by the LRTAP Convention EMEP Centre for Integrated Assessment Modelling (CIAM) at the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) in autumn 2007.
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Annual variation in the ozone AOT40 value (May-July), 1996-2006
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A number of stations were excluded from the analyses because data coverage was too low and/or the stations were not operational during at least 8 years in the period 1996-2006.
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Exceedance of critical loads for eutrophication due to the deposition of nutrient nitrogen in 2020 under current legislation to reduce national emissions
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The results were computed using the 2008 Critical Loads database hosted by the Coordination Centre for Effects (CCE).
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