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Estimated specific emissions of CO2 by mode of transport (EEA-30): Bar chart shows estimated specific emissions of CO2 for passenger and freight transport modes in 1995 and 2010
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Average emissions for new cars (gCO2/km) (EU-27): Graph showing progression of average emissions for new cars versus 2015 and 2020 targets
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Net Energy Import Dependency (ENER 012) - Assessment published Sep 2011: The EU’s dependence on imports of fossil fuels from non-EU countries has increased in recent years. Total net imports (imports minus exports) of natural gas, solid fuels and oil (including petroleum products) as a share of primary energy consumption rose from 47.8 % in 2000 to 56.2% in 2008. The increased use of gas, primarily replacing domestic coal, has had a positive environmental benefit within the EU (for example via reduced emissions of greenhouse gas and air pollutant emissions), but has also increased some risks associated with security of energy supply.
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Energy efficiency and energy consumption in the transport sector (ENER 023) - Assessment published Sep 2011: In the EU-27 countries, energy efficiency in the transport sector increased by 15% between 1990 and 2008- at an annual average rate of 0.9% - due to increased efficiency particularly for passenger cars and airplanes. Over the same period, per capita energy consumption in transport in EU-27 countries increased by 26% - at an annual average rate of 1.3% - slower than GDP (2.1% annually). In 2008, the average per capita energy consumption in transport in EU-27 was 0.75 toe. In other EEA countries, the increase of per capita energy consumption in transport was either below the EU-27 average (e.g. Switzerland with 7% and Norway with 11%) or significantly above (e.g. Turkey with 36% and Iceland with 42%). Growth in passengers and freight traffic, together with an observed modal shift from public transport to road transport, contributed to increase the energy consumption in transport, offsetting the energy efficiency gains.
Located in Data and maps › Indicators › Energy efficiency and energy consumption in the transport sector
Big potential of cutting greenhouse gases from waste: There is a big potential to cut greenhouse gases (GHGs) from municipal solid waste management, according to a new report from the European Environment Agency (EEA). The report, 'Waste opportunities – Past and future climate benefits from better municipal waste management in Europe', covers the EU-27 (excluding Cyprus), Norway and Switzerland. It estimates that these countries could make GHG savings of up to 78 million tonnes carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2-e) by 2020, or 1.53 % of Europe's emissions in 2008.
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Energy efficiency and energy consumption in the household sector (ENER 022) - Assessment published Aug 2011: Over the period 1990-2008, energy efficiency in the household sector increased by 19% in EU-27 countries, or 1.1%/year, driven by the diffusion of more efficient buildings, space heating technologies and electrical appliances. Over the same period, the final energy consumption of households increased by about 13%, at an annual average rate of 0.7%. Electricity consumption grew much faster at an annual growth rate of 1.9%. Per capita household energy consumption in EU-27 and EEA countries only slightly increased over the period (0.4%/year). Since the year 2005 however, energy consumption per capita in the household sector decreased in almost all countries. The energy consumption of households is influenced mainly by two opposite drivers. Efficiency improvements in space heating and large electrical appliances reduces the consumption while increasing size of dwellings and increased use of electrical appliances and central heating contribute to increase the consumption and offset part of the energy efficiency benefits. CO2 emissions per dwelling were 24% below their 1990 level in 2008, mainly because of CO2 savings resulting from switches to fuel with a lower CO2 content.
Located in Data and maps › Indicators › Energy efficiency and energy consumption in the household sector
Energy efficiency in transformation (ENER 011) - Assessment published Aug 2011: In 2008 only 71.4% of the total primary energy consumption in the EU-27 reached the end users. Transformation and distribution losses which had increased slightly since 1990, from 29.1% in 1990 to 29.6% in 2007 have decreased to 28.6% in 2008 (about 5% of it represented the energy-sector’s own consumption of energy). An increase of the conversion efficiency in power plants has been compensated by a sharp growth in electricity consumption.
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Emissions from public electricity and heat production - explanatory indicators (ENER 009) (ENER 009) - Assessment published Aug 2011: Between 1990 and 2008, EEA32 emissions of sulphur dioxide (SO 2 ) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) from public electricity and heat production fell despite a 35% increase in the amount of electricity and heat produced. Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions decreased by 4.3% from the 1990 baseline, primarily as a result of the economic downturn. SO 2 emissions fell by 70%, due mainly to abatement techniques, use of low-sulphur fuels, and fossil fuel switching. NOx emissions fell by 41%, primarily due to abatement techniques. Some emissions have risen in recent years due to increased utilisation of existing coal plant with higher emissions per unit of output.
Located in Data and maps › Indicators › Emissions from public electricity and heat production - explanatory indicators (ENER 009)
Emission intensity of public conventional thermal power electricity and heat production (ENER 008) - Assessment published Aug 2011: The emissions and emissions intensity of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), sulphur dioxide (SO 2 ) and nitrogen oxides (NO x ) from public conventional thermal power plants has decreased substantially since 1990, particularly in the case of SO 2 and NO x . This is primarily due to a decline in the use of coal, and replacement of old, inefficient coal plant as well as the use of abatement techniques. However, since 2000 a rise in the coal-fired electricity production has slowed the decline in emissions intensity. Rising overall electricity consumption has also acted to partly offset the environmental benefits from improvements in emissions intensity.
Located in Data and maps › Indicators › Emission intensity of public conventional thermal power electricity and heat production
Net imports of all fossil fuels and CO2 emissions in EU-27 by fuel and origin of the fuel, 2008: Net imports of all fossil fuels and CO2 emissions in EU-27 by fuel and origin of the fuel, 2008
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