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Annual expenditures on contaminated sites remediation by country
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(a) Romania: data from 1997 and 2000
(b) Slovenia: data from 1999 and 2001
(c) Germany: projection from estimates of expenditures from some of the "Laender"
d) Data for Belgium refer to Flanders
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Annual land take by several types of human activity (2000-2006)
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Drivers of urban land development ha/year
In some large countries, dates of satellite images for regions may differ by several years
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Annual national expenditures for management of contaminated sites (EUR per capita).
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The graph shows annual site remediation expenditures in selected European countries as EUR per capita
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Annual national expenditures for management of contaminated sites per unit of GDP
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The graph shows annual expenditure for the management of contaminated sites as o/oo of GDP
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Breakdown of activities causing local soil contamination.
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The graph shows a breakdown of the main sources causing soil contamination by country as % of the number of sites where preliminary investigations have been completed
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Breakdown of industrial and commercial branches responsible for local soil contamination in selected countries as % of total
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Finland: 'oil industry' also includes 'chemical industry'
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Breakdown of public and private remediation cost in selected European countries (2002)
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Clean-up expenditures in selected countries in the period 1999-2002 as compared to the estimated total remediation costs
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(a) Total expenditures taken from 2000 estimation also for 2002 (b) Netherlands: average value (23.000 - 46.000 Mio Euro) for 1999 and 2000
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Distribution and abundance of animal species (CLIM 024) - Assessment published Nov 2012
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Observed climate change is having significant impacts on European fauna. These impacts include range shifts as well as local and regional extinctions of species.
There is a clear poleward trend of butterfly distributions from 1990 to 2007 in Europe. Nevertheless, the migration of many species is lagging behind the changes in climate, suggesting that they are unable to keep pace with the speed of climate change.
Distribution changes are projected to continue. Suitable climatic conditions for Europe’s breeding birds are projected to shift nearly 550 km north-east by the end of the 21st century under a scenario of 3 °C warming, with the average range size shrinking by 20 %.
Habitat use and fragmentation and other obstacles are impeding the migration of many animal species. The difference between required and actual migration rate may lead to a progressive decline in European biodiversity.
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Distribution and abundance of animal species
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Estimated allocation of public and private expenditures for management of contaminated sites by country
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The graph shows the estimated allocation of public and private expenditure for site remediation.Values on top indicate total annual management expenditure in Million euro
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