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Change in summer chlorophyll concentrations in coastal and open waters of the Baltic, Mediterranean and North Seas, 1985-2008
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This figure shows stationwise trends in chlorophyll-a concentrations (% of stations showing statistically significant change, within the years 1985–2008). Numbers in parentheses indicates number of stations included in the analysis for each country.
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Chlorophyll in transitional, coastal and marine waters (CSI 023) - Assessment published Nov 2005
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There has been no general reduction in eutrophication (as measured by chlorophyll-a concentrations) in the Baltic Sea, the Greater North Sea or the coastal waters of Italy and Greece. Chlorophyll-a concentrations have increased in a few coastal areas and decreased in others.
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Chlorophyll in transitional, coastal and marine waters
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Chlorophyll in transitional, coastal and marine waters (CSI 023) - Assessment published Jan 2009
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The highest summer chlorophyll-a concentrations were observed in coastal areas and estuaries and are at many locations associated with nutrient inputs from major rivers. Of the 413 stations reported to the EEA in 2005 with more than 5 years of observations, decreasing trends in summer chlorophyll-a concentrations were found at 7% of stations, increasing trends were found at 8% of stations, and the majority of stations (85%) indicate no statistically significant change in concentration. The stations with descreasing trends are located either in the Baltic Sea or along the coast of Italy.
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Chlorophyll in transitional, coastal and marine waters
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Chlorophyll in transitional, coastal and marine waters (CSI 023) - Assessment published Jul 2011
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In 2008, the highest summer chlorophyll-a concentrations were observed in coastal areas and estuaries where nutrient concentrations are high, namely in the Gulf of Riga, the Gulf of Finland and along the coast of France and Belgium. Although nutrient concentrations in some European sea areas decreased from 1985 to 2008 (see Core Set Indicator 21), these changes were not clearly reflected in chlorophyll-a concentrations: of the 546 stations reported to the EEA the majority of the stations (89%) indicated no statistically significant change. Changes were detected mainly in Finnish, Dutch, Norwegian, Swedish and Italian coastal waters. At the Finnish and Swedish monitoring stations chlorophyll-a concentrations showed both decreasing and increasing trends, whereas in Italy, Netherlands and Norway concentrations were mainly decreasing. An analysis of changes based on satellite imagery show significantly increasing trends of ocean colour (equivalent to chl-a)along the Mediterranean coast, whereas trends are significantly decreasing in large parts of the central Mediterranean and Black Seas. It also shows significantly increasing trends in the Baltic Sea, but here the analysis is less certain.
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Chlorophyll in transitional, coastal and marine waters
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Chlorophyll in transitional, coastal and marine waters (CSI 023) - Assessment published Mar 2013
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In 2010, the highest summer chlorophyll-a concentrations were observed in coastal areas and estuaries where nutrient concentrations are also generally high (see CSI 021 Nutrients in transitional, coastal and marine waters). These include the Gulf of Riga, Gulf of Gdansk, Gulf of Finland and along the German coast in the Baltic Sea, coastal areas in Belgium and The Netherlands in the Greater North Sea and in few locations along the coast of Ireland and France in the Celtic Seas and Bay of Biscay, respectively. High chlorophyll concentrations were also observed along the Gulf of Lions and in Montenegro coastal waters in the Mediterranean Sea, and along Romanian coastal waters in the Black Sea. Low summer chlorophyll concentrations were mainly observed in the Kattegat and open sea stations in the Greater North Sea, and in open sea stations in southern Baltic Sea.
Between 1985 to 2010, decreasing chlorophyll concentrations (showed in 8% of all the stations in the European seas reported to the EEA) were predominantly found along the southern coast of the Greater North Sea, along the Finnish coast in the Bothnian Bay in the Baltic Sea and in a few stations in the Western Mediterranean Sea and Adriatic Sea. In the Black Sea, it was not possible to make an overall assessment due to the lack of time series data. Increasing concentrations (observed in 5% of the reported stations) were generally observed in coastal locations in the Northern Baltic Sea but also in the open sea stations outside the north of the Celtic Seas. Most stations (87%) however showed no changes over time.
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Chlorophyll in transitional, coastal and marine waters
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Chlorophyll-a concentrations in European seas, 2008
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Chlorophyll-a concentrations in European seas in 2008 based on observations
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Map of summer chlorophyll-a concentrations observed in 2005
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The low category refers to values within the lowest 20th percentile and the high category refers to values within the upper 20th percentile of concentrations in a regional sea
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Statistically significant trends of ocean colour intensity 1998–2009
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The figure shows statistically significant trends of ocean colour intensity 1998–2009 at the 95 % confidence level (Mann–Kendall test)
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Trends in mean summer chlorophyll a concentrations in in European regional seas in 1985-2005 (left panel) and 1985-2004 (right panel)
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Countries included in the analysis: Belgium, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Sweden, and United Kingdom
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Trends in mean summer chlorophyll-a concentrations in coastal waters of the Baltic Sea, the Mediterranean (mainly Italian waters) and the Greater North Sea (mainly the eastern North Sea and the Skagerrak), 1985-2003
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Trend analyses are based on time series 1985-2003 from each monitoring station having at least 3 years of data in the period 1995-2003 and at least 5 years of data in all
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