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Final energy consumption - outlook from IEA (Outlook 011) - Assessment published Jun 2007
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Aggregate global demand in final-use sectors is projected to grow by 1.4% per year from 2006 to 2030 - slightly slower than primary energy demand. The fastest growth is projected in non-OECD countries, while OECD Europe's growth in final energy consumption is expected to be the lowest pace. Industry demand increases everywhere, but fastest in the Middle East, India and China. The rate of growth in global transport energy demand slows considerably over the Outlook period. In 2030, disparities in per capita energy consumption among regions are projected to remain stark. Russia and OECD countries are expected continue having significantly higher levels of final energy consumption per capita than in other world regions.
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Final energy consumption - outlook from IEA
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Renewable energy consumption - outlook from IEA (Outlook 039) - Assessment published Jun 2007
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Renewable energy sources are set to expand rapidly. Excluding traditional biomass use, their share of global energy demand is projected to climb from 7% in 2006 to 10% by 2030 in the Reference Scenario.
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Renewable energy consumption - outlook from IEA
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Renewable primary energy consumption (CSI 030/ENER 029) - Assessment published Mar 2007
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The share of renewable energy sources in total energy consumption increased slowly in the EU-25 between 1990 and 2004 from 4.4% in 1990 to 6.3 % in 2004. Significant further growth will be needed to meet the indicative target of a 12 % share by 2010. All renewable sources increased in 2004. In relative terms, the strongest increased came from wind and solar energy. In absolute terms, 60% of the increase was accounted for by biomass, and about 39% split equally between hydropower and wind energy. Solar energy continues to increase very rapidly but still accounts for less than 1% of total renewable energy.
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Renewable primary energy consumption
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Total electricity consumption - outlook from IEA (Outlook 028) - Assessment published Jun 2007
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World electricity demand in the Reference Scenario is projected to grow at an annual rate of 3.2% in the period 2006 to 2015, slowing down to 2% per year on average in 2015-2030. This reflects a shift in economies of non-OECD countries away from energy heavy manufacturing towards lighter industries and services as well as saturation effects in the OECD and some emerging economies. The EU final electricity consumption is projected to grow at an annual rate of 1% between 2006 and 2030 which is the smallest among OECD Countries except of Japan (0.7%).
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Total electricity consumption - outlook from IEA
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Total energy consumption - outlook from IEA (Outlook 030) - Assessment published Jun 2007
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World energy use continues to increase steadily in the Reference Scenario, but at a slower rate than projected in WEO-2007 report, mainly due to higher energy prices and slower economic growth. Other contributing factors are policy changes such as for example the US Energy Independence and Security Act, which mandates vehicle fuel economy improvements.
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Total energy consumption - outlook from IEA
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Total primary energy intensity (CSI 028/ENER 017) - Assessment published Mar 2007
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Economic growth has required less additional energy consumption over the 1990s, although total energy consumption is still increasing. However, since 2000 the rate of decrease in energy intensity has slowed, remaining almost stable to 2004. This was due to a slowdown in the rate of GDP growth, while energy consumption continued to rise strongly.
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Total primary energy intensity
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Gross electricity production by fuel, EU-27
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The total volume of electricity produced from renewable sources increased by 288 TWh between 1990 and 2008: this represents an increase of 87.2 % (3.5 %/year on average). From 1990 to 2003, the share of renewable in the electricity production remained quite stable (13-14%); from 2003 to 2008 this share has increased from 13.9% to 18.4%. Most of this increase can be attributed to Germany, Sweden, France, Spain and Italy with a respective share of 17.7%, 13.3%, 13.1%, 11.1% and 10.7% in the EU-27 electricity production from renewable. From 2003 to 2008, electricity production from renewable has increased by 6.4% per year in the EU-27, with an annual growth rate of 15.1% for Denmark, 13.4% for Netherlands, 9.0%/year for Germany and 8.0%/year for Ireland from 1990. Substantial growth will be required to meet the indicative EU-27 target of a 20 % share of renewable in final energy consumption by 2020 (see also ENER030 and ENER029).
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Share of Renewable Energy to Final Energy Consumption with normalised for hydro, EU27
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Share of Renewable Energy to Final Energy Consumption with normalised for hydro, EU27. In 2009 the European Commission adopted a new directive on renewable energy (2009/28/EC). The new Directive on renewable energy sets an ambitious target for the EU-27 of 20% share of energy from renewable sources in final energy consumption by 2020 and a 10% share of renewable energy in the transport sector (in each Member State).
In 2008, five countries have reached 75% of their targets for 2020: Sweden is the closest with 89% of the target in 2008 (share of 43.6% compared to a target of 49%), followed by Romania (85%), Austria (82%), Estonia (76%) and Latvia (75%)
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Total primary energy consumption by energy source in 2008, EU-27
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The figure shows the total primary energy consumption by energy source in 2008. The contribution of renewable energy sources to gross energy inland consumption (GEIC) increased in the EU-27 from 4.4 % in 1990 to 8.4 % in 2008. For the EU-15, the share of renewables in total gross inland consumption accounted for 8.6%, in 2008, falling substantially short of the indicative target set in the White Paper on renewable energy (COM(97) 599 final) of 12 % by 2010
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Changes (%) in energy related emissions of pollutants contributing to acid deposition by source category, 1990-2008, EEA32
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The figure shows the emissions of asulphur dioxide SO2, nitrogen oxides NOx and ammonia NH3
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