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Estimated impact of different factors on the reduction in emissions of NOx from public electricity and heat production between 1990 and 2008, EEA-32
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The chart shows the estimated contributions of the various factors that have affected emissions from public electricity and heat production (including public thermal power stations, nuclear power stations, hydro power plants and wind plants).
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Efficiency of conventional thermal electricity and heat production
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The average energy efficiency of conventional thermal electricity and heat production in the EU-27 improved over the period 1990-2008 by 6.3% to reach 49.8 %in 2008 (48.5 % excluding district heating). Output from conventional thermal power stations consists of gross electricity generation and also of any heat sold to third parties (combined heat and power plants) by conventional thermal public utility power stations as well as autoproducer thermal power stations.
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CO2 emissions per m2 for space heating
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The graph compares by country the level of CO2 emissions for space heating per m2 for 2 years : 1990 and 2008 (direct and indirect emissions).
1990 and 2008 data are climate corrected against each country’s long-term average climate, whereas the last series is climate corrected and scaled against the EU long-term average climate to account for temperature differences between countries.
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Estimated impact of different factors on the reduction of CO2, SO2 and NOX emissions from public heat and electricity generation in the EU-25, 1990-2003
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The technique used to derive the graphs is based on the multiplicative 'IPAT' and 'Kaya' identities, which is a frequently used approach for portraying the primary driving forces of emissions
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Efficiency of conventional thermal electricity and heat production
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Output from conventional thermal power stations consists of gross electricity generation and also of any heat sold to third parties (combined heat and power plants) by conventional thermal public utility power stations as well as autoproducer thermal power stations.
The figure on the left is including district heat and the figure on the right is excluding district heat.
Left figure: Efficiency of conventional thermal electricity and heat production (including district heat).
Right figure: Efficiency of conventional thermal electricity and heat production (excluding district heat)
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Efficiency (electricity and heat) from public conventional thermal plants, 1990, 2009
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The EEA efficiencies exclude Iceland (and Croatia) (for conventional) and Iceland and Norway (and Croatia) (for public conventional). Iceland is missing because there is no data in Eurostat this year. Croatia was included last year but has been excluded because it is not part of EEA32. For Norway its efficiency is above 100% in 1990 because the electricity consumed for heating is not considered as an input, although the heating from electric boilers is considered in total output. Swedish conventional and public conventional efficiencies are above 100% in some years (when including district heating), but not in 1990 or in 2009, so Sweden is included in the charts.
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Climate analysis map for the Stuttgart region, also showing so-called ventilation paths along with other climate related features
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EU-15 and EU-27 CO2 emissions from public electricity and heat production compared with electricity production in thermal power plants and final electricity consumption
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Share of combined heat and power in gross electricity production in 2004
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The most recent available data are for 2004.In Cyprus and Malta there was no CHP generation in 2004.The share is defined as the proportion of CHP electricity production (from both private and public utilities) in total gross electricity production, including generation in pumped storage power stations
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EU-15 C02 emissions from public electricity and heat production compared with electricity production in thermal power plants and final electricity consumption
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Left: This graph shows past (1990-2004) carbon dioxide emissions due to public electricity and heat production, and compares them with past and projected electricity production in thermal power plants and final electricity consumption
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